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A JOURNAL FOR BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE
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VE MissOuRI BOTANICAL GARDEN Volume 25 | Number 1 | 2016
Volume 25 | Number 1 | 2016
Novon, a Journal for Botanical Nomenclature from the Missouri Botanical Garden
The mission of the Missouri Botanical Garden is to discover and share knowledge about plants and their environment, in order to preserve and enrich life.
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Novon is a peer-reviewed botanical journal whose purpose is to publish articles estab ew nomenclature, including new taxa and new names, for vascular plants and bryophytes. Short papers typifying existing names ma accepted. Lengthy revisions that primarily describe and discuss known a while publishing nova incidentally, are not appropriate for Novon. Articles may be written in English or Spanis
Manuscripts submitted to Novon must eos guidelines in the Checklist for Authors, which can be obtained online via www.mbgpress.org or by sending a request to the editor at novon@mobot.or rationale for publication of new nomenclature ae be clearly explained; new taxa should be differentiated from similar species by textual comparisons, keys, and/or illustrations. Novon will not knowingly accept simultaneous submissions or manuscripts presenting work previously published elsewhere.
Editor-in-Chief Wendy L. Applequist
Geoffrey Levin Latin Editor
University of Illinois and
Roy Gereau Canadian Museum of Nature Missouri Botanical Garden
Missouri Botanical Garden
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John Pr
Peter Moller Jorgensen David Seigler Missouri Botanical Garden
Smithsonian Institution Tariq Stévart Ronell Renett Klopper Missouri Botanical Garden South African National Carmen Ulloa Ulloa
Biodiversity Institute
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Missouri oak Garden Maa: Sania Garden
University of Illinois at David Kenfack Urbana-Champaign
Missouri Botanical Garden
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© Missouri Botanical Garden 2016
Volume 25 Number | 2016
NOVON
Editorial
Wendy L. Applequist Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A. wendy.applequist@mobot.org
I am honored to succeed Dr. Victoria Hollowell as Editor-in-Chief of Novon. The special purpose of Novon is to publish new botanical nomenclature, including new taxa and new names in vascular plants and bryophytes; short papers typifying existing names are also published. The journal’s authors and readers are distributed worldwide, but the Neotropics are a Of 65 papers published in the
previous volume, the primary geographic region of the
particular focus.
taxa dealt with was South America in 28, Central America in 13, East Asia in nine, southern Asia in four, Central Asia to the Middle East in four, and Europe, Africa, Malesia to the Pacific, and North America each in two papers. For this reason, we have a tradition of accepting manuscripts either in English or in Spanish, and encourage authors writing in English to supply a Spanish abstract when taxa native to Spanish-speaking nations are described.
It has been plausibly estimated that 10% to 20% of flowering plant species are as yet unknown to science (Joppa et al., 2011). Pimm and Joppa (2015) suggest that these may total as many as 50,000 unknown species, most of which remain unknown because of their limited range or rarity, meaning that they are at risk of extinction. Prompt publication of taxonomic novelties serves the important function of making land
and other stakeholders aware of the
government agencies, conservalion groups,
managers,
existence, distribution, and habitat requirements of such taxa so that efforts can be made to preserve them. Likewise, the publication of new names and combinations facilitates the stabilization of nomen- clature and the establishment of maximally useful taxonomic classifications.
Taxonomic research is increasingly undervalued in recent years, in part due to the fashion of quantifying research value through impact metrics that count the
doi: 10.3417/2016033
number of scientific literature citations that individ- ual articles, or contemporaneous articles published in the same journal, generate within two years of their publication. These measures are especially flawed for assessment of taxonomic literature because many taxonomic journals are not even included in the system (e.g., Krell, 2009). McDade . a oo 1) point
]
out that taxonomic treatments o groups,
which rationally should be considered most urgent, have lower “impact” because few, if any, specialist colleagues exist who might cite them within two years. These objections are all legitimate, and the suggestion that in taxonomy the longevity of a work is more meaningful than its short-term citation count e.g., Valdecasas et al., 2000; McDade et al., 2001) is
certainly correct.
—
Beyond that, the publication of new taxa and names is an essential prerequisite for many types of work that do not involve citations in peer-reviewed journals. For example, new species will later appear in floras, checklists, and revisions. As McDade et al. (2011) note,
which protologues are referenced in revisions is not
the traditional abbreviated style by
recognized as a “citation,” while books, such as floras (which usually supply only the authorial abbreviation in any case), are not considered to be acceptable sources of citations at all. Those works will be used for decades to identify specimens in multiple herbaria, compile lists of species of conservation concern, supply information on species distribution and rarity to land managers and regulatory agencies, and perhaps inform the delim- itation of new protected areas—none of which will generale a single citation in a scientific journal. Additionally, journal articles dealing with systemat- ics, ecology, phytochemistry, and other biological
sciences would be unable to put meaningful names
Novon 25: 1—2. PUBLISHED ON 8 DECEMBER 2016.
Novon
on taxa without the direct or indirect use of such works. Thus,
publication is to be useful to other human beings,
if the purpose of producing a journal
rather than to be cited in other journal publications, taxonomic publications are of high average value. As our field is the very foundation of biological research, our need is not to add value to the publication of new taxa, but to ensure that others are aware of the great value that already exists therein.
For Novon’s editorial staff, recognition of the importance of our authors’ work creates two poten- tially conflicting goals: to ensure both that their valuable manuscripts are published expeditiously, and that their published papers are of the best possible quality. Missouri Botanical Garden Press has a tradition of meticulous editing that we will make every effort to maintain, while redoubling our efforts to make the publication process as efficient as possible. To streamline manuscript reviewing, we are adopting an online submissions management system (<www.editorialmanager.com/novon>) and have re- cruilted an expanded panel of distinguished associate editors, whose willingness to serve in that role is greatly appreciated. Both the journal and manuscript authors benefit from the voluntary service of many dozens of peer reviewers. We are grateful to our
reviewers for their contributions, and hope that those who value Novon will support it by accepting future invitations to review manuscripts.
Finally, for those with new names and new taxa to publish: this journal will be what you make of it. Within the limitations imposed by our mission statement, the scope of Novon depends upon the taxonomic and geographic interests of our authors. | welcome all plant taxonomists to choose Novon as a venue to share their work with the world.
Literature Cited
Joppa, L. N., D. L. Roberts & S. L. Pimm. 2011. How many
of flowering plants are there? Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol. Sci. 278: 554-559,
Krell, F.-T. 2009. The poverty of citation databases: Data mining is crucial for fair metrical evaluation of bee Haass pera 29: 6-
McDade, . Maddison, R. Guralnick, H. Pivova. + L ee K. M. Helgen, P. S. es
Hill & M. L. Vis. 2011. Biology needs a modern assessment system for professional productivity. BioSci- ence 61: 619-625.
Pimm, 5S. L. & L. N. Joppa. 2015. How many plant species
are there, where are they, and at what er are a going extinct? Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 100: —176
Valdes A. G., S. Castroviejo & L. . Mares: 2000. Reliance on the. citation index undermines the study of ees Nature 403: 698
Draba ucuncha and D. xylopoda (Brassicaceae), Two New Peruvian Species from La Libertad
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A.
Apstracr. The new species Draba ucuncha Al- Shehbaz and D. xylopoda Al-Shehbaz are described and illustrated, and their relationships to closest South American species are discussed. Each is known from a couple of localities in the Department La Libertad, and their IUCN status is determined. An estimation of the New World species of Draba L. is given.
Key words: Brassicaceae, Cruciferae, Draba, La Libertad, Peru.
Draba L. is the largest genus in the family (Cruciferae), with a previous estima- tion of 390 species (Al-Shehbaz, 2012a). However, 15 species have been added in the past four years (Al-Shehbaz & Mulligan, 2013; Al-Shehbaz, 2013, 2015, 2016, this contribution; Al-Shehbaz et al., 2014). As currently understood, Draba is represent- ed in the New World by 203 species, of which 78 are
restricted to South America and 125 are native to
North America, including only five that are endemic to Mexico and Central America (Al-Shehbaz et al., 2010; The
nemorosa L. and D. verna L. are well established
author’s compilation). Eurasian D. in North America, and the latter species is also naturalized in Argentina and Chile (Al-Shehbaz, 2012b)
Extensive molecular phylogenetic studies (Koch & Al-Shehbaz, 2002; Jordon-Thaden et al., 2010, 2013) have minimally altered the limits of Draba, and only nine species have recently been removed t
ao)
o thre previously synonymized genera (Al-Shehbaz, 2012a). These include the North American Abdra Greene (two spp.), European Drabella (DC.) Fourr. (one sp.), and North and South American Tomostima Raf. (four and two spp., respectively).
During work on a synopsis of Draba for the New World, which is part of a worldwide treatment of the genus for the World Flora Online, I had the chance to examine many recently collected Peruvian Brassica- ceae. They included many novelties in Draba, of but the
following two are complete enough to allow their
which some require further collections,
recognition at the present.
doi: 10.3417/2016028
1. Draba ucuncha Al-Shehbaz, sp. nov. TYPE: Peru.
La Libertad: Bolivar, Ucuncha, SW side of Cerro Fila de Andonsa, sharp windswept karst, 07°07'14"S, 77°49'23"W, 3900 m, 14 Nov. 2013, R. W. Bussmann, N. Paniagua Zambra- na, C. Vega Ocafia & C. Téllez 18384 (holotype, MO-6688256; isotypes, HAO, GH, K). Figure 1.
Diagnosis. This novelty differs from the related Draba brackenridget A. Gra aving noncanescent (vs. canescent) leaves abaxially pubescent with rigid, simple and 2-rayed forked trichomes (vs. soft stellate ae petals 1.8-2.2 mm (vs. [2.5-]2.8-4|-4.5] mm), styles 0.07-0.15 (vs. 0.3-0.6) mm, and fruit sparsely puberu- lent along valve margins (vs. glabrous or uniformly
wee” <7
pubescent). Herbs perennial, caespitose, scapose; caudex with few, loose branches, slender, covered with
persistent petiole remains of previous seasons. Stems 2-4.5 cm, erect to ascending, 1 from a rosette, herbaceous, leafless, pilose throughout with simple and stalked Y-shaped, and fewer 3-rayed and cruciform trichomes 0.05—0.4 mm. Basal leaves rosulate, persistent, not imbricate; petiole obsolete or 1-3 mm, persistent, stramineous, not flattened, glabrous, not ciliate; leaf blade oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, 4-8(—10) * 1.5-3(—4) mm, both surfaces pubescent with subappressed, rigid, simple trichomes 0.5-0.9 mm, these mixed abaxially with stalked, 2-rayed trichomes, base cuneate, margin entire or rarely 1-toothed on each side, not ciliate, apex obtuse; midvein obscure abaxially; cauline leaves of flowering stems absent. Racemes ebrac- 8- to 15-flowered,
slightly in fruit; rachis pubescent as stem, straight;
tealte, corymbose, elongated lowermost fruiting pedicels divaricate, straight, 2.5— 4mm, glabrous adaxially, pubescent abaxially with simple and fewer 2-rayed trichomes. Flower sepals oblong, 1.5-1.7 mm,
sparsely pilose with simple and fewer 2-rayed
green, erect, caducous, trichomes, base not saccate; petals white, narrowly 1.8-2.2 X 0.4— claw undifferentiated from blade;
1.5-1.7
anthers ovate, ca. 0.2 mm, obtuse at apex; nectar
oblanceolate, 0.5 mm, caducous, apex obtuse; slender at base;
filaments white, mm,
glands confluent, subtending bases of all stamens;
Novon 25: 3—7. PUBLISHED ON 8 DECEMBER 2016.
Novon
rs Tap amen =a a ee oe
Sime Ss ise: cpg
Draba ucuncha Al-Shehbaz. —A. Plant. —B. Petal. —C. Fruit and fruiti licels, abaxial surfaces. Drawn by Al- i.
Figure 1. Shehbaz from the holotype R. Bussmann et al. 18384 (MO).
ovules 20 to 30 per ovary. Fruit silicles or short siliques, oblong, 3.6-6 X 1.5-2 mm, slightly flattened, neither inflated nor twisted, sessile; valves
sparsely puberulent at margin with simple and 2-
rayed trichomes to 0.1 mm, with an obscure midvein, obtuse at apex and base; style 0.07—0.15 mm; stigma entire. Seeds light brown, ovate, slightly compressed, 0.6-0.75 X 0.4—-0.5 mm, wingless.
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Al-Shehbaz 5 Draba (Brassicaceae) from Peru
Habitat.
in paramo.
Draba ucuncha is found on karst slopes
IUCN Red List category. Draba ucuncha is known only from the type collections and is therefore given the assessment of Data Deficient (DD) according to the IUCN (2001) criteria.
Phenology. Draba ucuncha has been collected flowering and fruiting in November.
Etymology. The specific epithet is named after Ucuncha District of Bolivar Province. It is a noun used in apposition and, therefore, is to be maintaind
according to Article 23.1 of the International Code of
Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants (McNeill et al., 2012)
Discussion. Draba ucuncha most closely resem- bles D. brackenridgei (Bolivia and Peru, including Bolivar Province) in being a scapose perennial with ebractealte racemes, white flowers, oblong fruit, and
0 to 30 ovules per ovary. It differs, however, by having noncanescent (vs. canescent) leaves abaxially pubescent with rigid, simple, and fewer, stalked 2- rayed forked trichomes (vs. primarily soft, stalked, cruciform, and much fewer 3- or 5-rayed stellate trichomes), smaller petals, 1.8—2.2 X 0.4-0.5 mm (vs. [2.5-|2.8-4[-4.5] [0.8-]0.9-1.2[-1.5] mm), fruit sparsely puberulent along valve margins (vs. glabrous or uniformly pubescent), and styles 0.07—0.15 (vs. 0.3—0.6) mm long.
Paratypes. PERU. La Libertad: Bolivar, Uchumarca, SW flank of Cerro Comulca, paramo on karst, 07°04'42"S, 77°46' pane 3900-4150 m, 9 Nov. 2013, R. W. Bussmann, N. Paniagua Zambrana, C. Vega Ocala & C. Téllez 18049 (HAO, MO, NY
2. Draba xylopoda Al-Shehbaz, sp. nov. TYPE: eru. La Libertad: Distr. Uchumarca, paramo at southern side omulca on dolomite, 07°04'48"S, 77°46) 27" W, 3950 m, 27 Oct. 2012, R. W. Bussmann, N. Paniagua Zambra- na, C. Vega Ocafia & C. Téllez 17438 (holotype, MO-6688255; isotypes, HAO, NY). Figure 2.
Diagnosis. This species most closely resembles Draba ochropetala O. E. Schulz, from which it differs by having somewhat lax racemes elongated in fruit (vs. compact and not elongated), nodding (vs. ascending) flowers, dark yellow (vs. lemon-yellow or Le white) flowers, styles 2.5-3.5 (vs. 0.8-1.5) mm, and fruit valves densely nil cecen with shot: stalked stellate (vs. simple) trichomes.
Herbs perennial or subshrubs. Stems 10-35 cm, erecl, woody, 1.5-4 mm in diam., simple or few
branched above, rough with persistent, dry, non-
decurrent leaf bases of previous seasons, pubescent throughout with minutely stalked, 4- to 6-rayed stellate trichomes. Leaves cauline, persistent at base, sessile, not auriculate, somewhat imbricate, not decurrent, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, sometimes narrowly ovate above, 7-15 X 3.5-5 mm, abaxial surface densely pubescent with 1- to 3-layered, short- stalked, appressed, rigid, 4- to 7(to 9)-rayed stellate trichomes 0.4—0.9 mm, adaxial surface exclusively with rigid, antrorse, subappressed, straight, simple trichomes 0.5-1.2 mm, these sometimes mixed with much smaller stalked stellate trichomes, base broadly cuneate to obtuse, margin entire or minutely 1- to 4- apex obtuse;
toothed on each side, not ciliate,
midvein somewhat prominent abaxially. Racemes bracteate throughout, 6- to 14-flowered, corymbose, ensely flowered, elongated considerably in fruit; rachis densely pubescent as stem, straight; bracts similar to cauline leaves in shape and indumentum; lowermost fruiting pedicels divaricate-ascending, straight, 7-15 mm, densely pubescent all around with stalked stellate trichomes to 0.5 mm. Flowers nodding at anthesis; sepals yellowish, oblong to oblong-ovate, 3.5-5 mm, ascending, caducous, base not saccate, pubescent with stellate trichomes; petals dark yellow, obovate to spatulate, 5-7 X 2—2.7 mm, caducous, apex retuse; claw slightly differentiated from blade, 1-1.5 mm; filaments yellow, slender, dilated at base; anthers oblong, 0.6-0.9 mm, apiculate at apex; nectar glands confluent, subtend- ing bases of all stamens; ovules 16 to 20 per ovary. xX 2.5-4 mm, slightly
flattened, not twisted, sessile; densely pubescent with
Fruit silicles, oblong, 4-8
stellate trichomes, obtuse at apex and base; style 2.5— 3.9 mm; stigma entire. Seeds not examined.
Habitat.
dolomite in paramo.
Draba xylopoda is found on karst and
Phenology. Draba xylopoda flowers in October to November.
IUCN Red List category. Draba xylopoda is known only from two collections and is therefore given the assessment of Data Deficient (DD) according to IUCN Red List (2001) criteria.
Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the woody foot or lower part of the stem.
Discussion. In most aspects of indumentum and leaf, flower color, shape, and size of parts, and fruit shape and size, Draba xylopoda most closely resembles the Peruvian-endemic D. ochropetala.
However, it differs from the latter by having
Novon
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Figure 2. Draba xylopoda Al-Shehbaz. —A. Plan
Were . Pv rms ©. On Se ~ . '
' t ene Ta EELS pane ei “~
—B. Trichomes. —C. Sepal. —D. Petal. —E. Fruit with style and fruiting
oie Drawn by Al-Shehbaz from the holotype Re Bussmann et al. 17438 (MO).
somewhat lax racemes elongated in fruit, nodding flowers, simple stems few-branched distally, dark yellow flowers, fruiting pedicels 7-15 mm, longer styles 2.5-3.5 mm, and fruit valves densely pubes-
cent with short-stalked stellate trichomes. By con- trast, D. ochropetala has compact racemes not elongated in fruit, ascending flowers, stems several branched above the base, lemon-yellow or yellowish
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Al-Shehbaz 7 Draba (Brassicaceae) from Peru
—)2—5(—6) mm, fruit valves sparsely pubescent with simple trichomes, an shorter styles 0.8-1.5 mm
In its general habit, bracteate raceme, leaf indu-
white petals, fruiting pedicels (1
mentum, and pedicel length, Draba xylopoda superfi- cially resembles D. cajamarcensis Al-Shehbaz, but it differs by having dark yellow (vs. white) petals, 16 to 20 (vs. 10 to 16) ovules per ovary, longer styles 2.5-3.5 mm (vs. 0.6-1.1 mm), fruit valves pubescent with exclu- sively stellate, short-stalked (vs. simple and sessile 2[to A|-rayed) trichomes, nodding (vs. ascending) flowers, stems pubescent with short-stalked, stellate (vs. malpighiaceous and sessile stellate) trichomes, and slightly larger sepals (3.5—5 vs. 2-3 mm) and petals (5— —2.7 mm vs. 4-5 X 1.2-1.5 mm).
Paratypes. PERU. La Libertad: Bolivar, Distr. Ucun- cha, S side of Cerro Fila de Andonsa, sharp windswept karst, wie 14"S, 77°49'23"W, 3900 m, 14 Nov. 2013, R.
n, N. Paniagua Zambrana, C. Vega Ocafia & C. Télles. 18321 (HAO, GH, K, MO).
Acknowledgments. 1am profoundly grateful to the United States National Science Foundation for the OPUS grant DEB-1252905 that supported part of this research. I thank Rainer W. Bussmann and his team for allowing me to study their collections of Peruvian Brassicaceae.
Literature Cited
Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2012a. A generic and tribal synopsis of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). Taxon 61: 931-954. Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2012b. Brassicaceae. Pp. Anton & F. O. Zuloaga (editors), Flora of Argentina, Vel , Buenos Aires. Al- shelibas, I. A. 2013. Draba henrici (Brassicaceae), a new
species from northern New Mexico. Harvard Pap. Bot. 18: 91-93.
Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2015. Draba laegaardit (Brassicaceae), a new species from Cotopaxi (Ecuador), with notes on the distribution of Draba species in South America. Novon
231-233.
Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2016. Draba bruce-bennettit. (Brassica- ceae), a remarkable new ha from Yukon Territory, Canada. Harvard Pap. Bot. 21: 1-3.
Al-Shehbaz, I. A. . Mulligan. 2013. New or noteworthy species of Draba (Brassicaceae) from Canada and Alaska. Harvard oe Bot. 124.
Al-Shehbaz, I. A., indham & R. Elven. 2010. Draba. Pp. 269- “347 i in aa of North America Eiri Committee (editors), Flora of North America, Vol. 7. Oxford eee! Press, New York.
Al-Shehbaz . Yue, T. Deng & H. L. Chen. 2014. Draba cena (Brassicaceae), from Yunnan, China. Phytotaxa 175(5): 298-300.
IUCN. 2001. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 3.1. 2nd ed. Prepared by the IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, and ee a Kingdom. <http ?//www.iucnredlist. oro/tech 1a. org/technical 2001- bat Sara -criteria>, geeeee 23 Ma 2016,
Jordon-Thaden, I., I. Hase, I. A. Al-Shehbaz & M. Koch. 2010. Molecules Gee and systematics of the genus Draba s.|. (Brassicaceae) and identification of its closest
nad er er an tua vs WL
Jordon-Thaden, I. E., I. A. Al-Shehbaz
2013. Species richness of the globally distributed, arctic-
sey genus Draba L. (Brassicaceae). Alpine Bot. 123: 7-100.
. M. & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. 2002. Molecular data ntra- and intercontinental differentia- (Brassicaceae). Ann. Missouri
indicate complex in tion of rican Draba Bot. Gard. 89: 88-109. McNeill, J., F. R. Barrie, W. R. Buck, V. Demoulin, W. Greuter, D. L. Hawksworth, P. S. Herendeen, S. Knapp, K. Marhold, J. Prado, W. F. Prud’homme van Reine, G. h, J. H. Wiersema & N. J. Turland (editors). 2012. , Fungi, and
F. Smit International Code of Nomenclature for Algae
Plants (Melbourne Code). Regnum Veg. 154
A Revision of the Mexican Endemic Asta (Brassicaceae)
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A. ihsan.al-shehbaz@mobot.org
Apstrract. The monospecific, Mexican endemic Asta Klotzsch & O. E. Schulz is divided into three subpecies. The new combinations A. schaffneri (S. Watson) O. E. Schulz subsp. pringlet (O. E. Schulz Al-Shehbaz and A. schaffneri subsp. stricta (Rollins) Al-Shehbaz are proposed. Asta schaffneri subsp. pringlei is widespread in east-central Mexico, A.
wee”
schaffneri subsp. schaffneri is endemic to San Luis Potosf, and A. schaffneri subsp. stricta is restricted to Hidalgo and Queretaro States. A key to the three subspecies is presented, and a neolype for A. pringlei O. E. Schulz is designated.
Key words: Asta, Asteae, Brassicaceae, Crucifer- ae, Mexico.
During work on the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) for the World Flora Online and for the comprehensive Brassicaceae database, or BrassiBase (Koch et al.,
; Kiefer et al., needed detailed generic descriptions and nomencla-
2014), several smaller genera
tural adjustments parallel to those already completed. Among such genera is the Mexican endemic Asta Klotzsch & O. E. Schulz.
Schulz (1933) recognized two species in Asta (A. schaffneri (S. Watson) O. E. Schulz and A. pringlei O. E. Schulz), and three years later (Schulz, 1936) he a tribe he characterized solely on the presence of angustiseptate
placed the genus in the Lepidieae,
fruits (flattened at a right angle to the septum). As shown by subsequent authors (see Al-Shehbaz et al., 2006, and references therein), however, such fruit type evolved independently numerous times in the family, and it currently occurs in at least 23 of 51 tribes (author’s compilation). Rollins (1941), on the other hand, reduced A. pringlei to a variety of A. schaffneri, and he (Rollins, 1984) described A. stricta Rollins as a new species.
Asta was not assigned to a tribe by Al-Shehbaz et al. (2006), but based on sequence data of the nuclear ribosomal ITS region, Warwick et al. (2010) placed the genus in the unigeneric tribe Asteae, a well- resolved clade with 100% bootstrap support. The latter authors Suspeciee that the Asteae may also
include the , Mexican endemic Scoliax-
quent study using the ITS region (Warwick et al., 2011) supported the placement of both genera into independent tribes. Both tribes are currently recog- nized as members of Expanded Lineage I of the Brassicaceae (Al-Shehbaz, 2012; Koch et al., 2012; Kiefer et al., 2014). It is highly desireable that the Asteae and Scoliaxoneae are subjected to molecular studies using chloroplast markers to further confirm their tribal identity and to resolve the suspected infraspecific hybridization within A. schaffneri. Although Asta and Scoliaxon differ in trichome morphology, fruit type, seed arrangement, and cotyle- donary type, they share several characters in common. The most notable of these is the presence of a pair of well-developed, white, ovoid to subulate “projections” at the points of attachment of cauline leaves and pedicels to the stem. Although similar structures occur sporadically elsewhere in other genera of the family, none resembles those of Asta and Scoliaxon in size and color. These projections were described by Rollins 1984) as if at the
leaf base and as “horn-like structures” if at the pedicel
“vesicle- or scale-like emanation”
e—
base, whereas Marais (1970) called them stipules in Heliophila L. if found at the leaf base and bracts if at the pedicel base. Weberling (1955) also considered these structures as SHpites when present at the node but
—_
tal a fi
failed t insertion.
The er versus aence of shese projections can vary among species of a given genus, and, therefore, they are useful taxonomically. However, because of the lack of detailed developmental studies, the nature of they should not be confused with the multicellular glands on
these projections remains unresolved, though
multiseri s that are found in the vast majority
of taxa in the ie Anchonieae, Buniadeae, Chorispor- eae, and Dontostemoneae.
The lack of agreement between Schulz (1933, 1936) and Rollins (1993) on the number of taxa in Asta and the availability of substantial additional material encouraged the following study.
I. Asta Klotzsch & O. E. Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 66: 91. 1933. TYPE: Asta schaffnert (S. Watson) O.
on Payson due to — some remarkable morpho- E. Schulz. (lectotype, designated by Rollins logical similarities (see below). However, a subse- [1941: 196]) Novon 25: 8-11. PUBLISHED oN 8 DECEMBER 2016. doi: 10.3417/2016008
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Al-Shehbaz 9 Asta (Brassicaceae) from Mexico
Plants annual or perennial herbs, sometimes subshrubs. Trichomes absent or occasionally minute and vesicle-like. Multicellular glands absent. Stems erect to ascending, simple or branched basally, many branched apically, often 4-angled, sometimes woody at base. Leaves cauline, sessile, attenuate to petiole- like base, not auriculate, entire, with 2, white, well- developed ovoid to subulate projections at the node. Racemes many-flowered, ebracteate, lax, elongated considerably in fruit; rachis straight; fruiting pedicels erecl, and appressed or subappressed to rachis, or ascending, horizontal, to slightly recurved, straight to slightly curved or sigmoid, persistent, with a pair of white, ovoid to subulate projections at base. Sepals ovate, free, deciduous, ascending, unequal, base of lateral pair saccate; petals white, erect at base with flaring blade, longer than sepals; blade obovate, apex blade,
subequaling sepals, glabrous, unappendaged, entire;
obtuse; claw strongly differentiated from stamens 6, slightly exserted, erect, tetradynamous; filaments wingless, unappendaged, glabrous, free; anthers ovate, not apiculate; nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of filaments, median nectaries present; ovules 6 to 12 per ovary; placentation parietal. Fruit dehiscent, capsular silicles, oblong to ovoid, angustiseptate at base, slightly latiseptate at apex, not inflated, unsegmented; valves papery, with keeled at least basally, smooth, wingless, unappendaged; gynophore
a prominent midvein, glabrous,
obsolete or rarely to 1.7 mm; replum rounded, visible; septum complete, membranous, veinless; style rarely to 1 mm, persistent; stigma capitate, entire, un-
appendaged. Seeds uniseriate, wingless, oblong, usually plump; seed coat smooth, mucilaginous when wet; cotyledons incumbent or oblique.
Distribution. One species and three subspecies
are endemic to east-central Mexico.
1. Asta schaffneri (S. Watson) O. E. Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 66: 91. 1933.
Plants glabrous or puberulent with vesicular trichomes along stem angles, pedicels, and fruit. Stems 5-35(—50 strongly angled to narrowly winged, puberulent or much-branched. Middle cauline
leaves linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1-3.5 em X I-
) cm, sometimes woody at base, glabrous above,
4(—8) mm, base attenuate, margin entire, apex obtuse or reluse; uppermost cauline leaves progressively smaller, often linear. Raceme strongly elongated in fruit; fruiting pedicels slender,
Sepals ovate, 1.5—2 mm, white membranous al apex, glabrous; petals white, 3-5 X 1.5-2 mm; claw ca. 2 mm; filaments 1.5—2 mm; anthers ca. 0.5 mm. Fruit
ovoid to oblong, 2—5(—6) X 1.5-2 mm, glabrous or with vesicular trichomes along replum or midvein; gynophore 0.1-1.7 mm, slender, style 0.2-]1 mm. Seeds ovate, plump, 0.9-1.1 X 0.5-0.7 mm.
KrEY TO ASTA SCHAFFNERI SUBSPECIES
la. Fruiting pedicels divaricate to horizontal or descending, curved or sigmoid, not appressed to rachis; Aguascalientes, Coahuila, Nuevo Leén, San Luis Potosf, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas A. schaffnert (S. Watson) O. E. Schulz subsp. pringle: (O. E. Schulz) Al-Shehbaz Fruiting pedicels erect to erect-ascending, ap- pressed or subappressed to rachis. 2a. Fruit oblong, 3-5(—6) mm; ee 0.1- 0.4(—0.6) mm; San Luis Potos ae
— oa
uffnert (S. Watson) E. Schulz subsp. schaffneri mm; pewophore 0.5-1.7
Fruit ovoid, 2-2.6
No o
A. schaffneri (S. Watson) O. E. Schulz subsp. stricta (Rollins) Al-Shehbaz
la. Asta schaffneri (S. Watson) O. E. Schulz subsp. schaffneri. Basionym: Capsella sig at >: oo.
> San G. Schaffner 151 BM-
Miguelito Mtns., 1876,
(holotype, CH- 00018816; — isotype, ).
001191175
Fruits oblong, 3—5(—6) mm; fruiting pedicels erect to erect-ascending, subappressed to rachis; gyno-
phore 0.1-0.4 mm
Phenology. Asta schaffnert subsp. schaffneri has er.
been found to flower in Novem
Distribution. Asta schaffnert subsp. schaffneri is found at elevations from 1600 to 1700 m in San San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
Additional eps examined. MEXICO. San Luis Potosi: E. of Nufiez, San Luis Potosi—Ant. Morelos rd., Km. 84, Rzedowskt 21 0 (MICH): Villar, Orcutt 5414 (MO, US); Agua Media, Purpus 4907 (BM, F, GH, MO, UC, US); near San Luis Potosi, J. G. Schaffner 554 (B, BM, GOET, HBG, NY, US
Labels of Schaffner 554 have the collection number given as “No. 554 Schaffner 151” and collection year as 1879 instead of 1876 as on the holotype sheet. The type ony (San Miguelito s (1882) description of the species but was not given in Schaffner 554. Although listed as isotypes on JSTOR (<http://plants.jstor.org>), Schaffner 554 is not part of the type collection of Asta schaffneri.
Mountains) was cited in Watson original
Novon
Asta schaffnert subsp. schaffneri appears to be endemic to San Luis Potosf and is rather uncommon. The range of A. schaffneri subsp. pringlei (see below) also extends into San Luis Potosi, and the two subspecies apparently hybridize. One collection annotated by Rollins as subspecies schaffneri (Rollins & Tryon 58193, GH, MO, NY, UC), which was collected 50 miles northeast of San Luis Potosi on the likely
represents a fertile hybrid of the two subspecies,
road to Matehuala in San Luis Potosi, and it is perfectly intermediate morphologically between them. However, field, experimental, and molecular studies, especially using nuclear and chloroplast markers, are needed to confirm that.
Ib. Asta schaffneri subsp. pringlei (O. E. Schulz) Al-
schaffneri var. pringlet (O. E. Schulz) Rollins, Contr. Dudley Herb. 3: 197. 1941. TYPE: Mexico. Coahuila: Carneros Pass, thin soil of limestone ledges, 27 Sep. 1890, C. Guernsey Pringle 3271 (neotype, designated here, MO- M-001191174, BR- BR-
00731335, US-00100077, W-1891-0000921, W-1936-0002764).
Fruits oblong, rarely ovoid, 2.5-5.5 mm; fruiting pedicels divaricate to horizontal or slightly descend- ing, curved or sigmoid, never appressed to rachis;
gynophore 0.2—0.4(—0.6) mm
Phenology. Asta schaffneri subsp. pringlei is found to flower from April to November.
Habitat.
in calcareous gravelly soils and talus, limestone,
Asta schaffneri subsp. pringlei is found
chaparral, arroyos, sandstone outcrops, and gypsum
hillsides at 1500-3100 m.
Additional specimens examined. MEXICO. Aguasca-
lientes: ca. 20 km E Ri
24989 (MICH); near Km. 21 on hwy. betw. fe. de Romos & Loreto, Hartman & Funk 4080 (US). Coahuila: San Lorenzo Canyon, 6 mi. SE Saltillo, Palmer 698 (GH, NY, US), Palmer 411 (GH, MO, NY, US); Carneros, Pennell 17297 (US); Carneros Pass, 26 mi. S Saltillo, Rollins & Tryon
58136 (F, GH, MICH, MO, NY, TEX, UC, US); 29 mi. S$ Saltillo near Mex. Hwy. 54, Rollins & Roby 7491 (GH, MO, NY, US); 3 km SW Fraile, Stanford et al. 314 (GH, MO); 18 mi. W of Concepcién del Oro on Coahuila—Zacatecas border, Stanford et al. 571 (DS, GH, MO, NY, UC); Rancho Los Angeles, 54 km S Saltillo, Villarreal & Cantrell 2152 (GH); Sierra Zapaliname, Hinton 20490 (GH, TEX). Nuevo Leon: Mpio. Rayones, Cerro Blanco, Hinton 20193 (GH, TEX); Mpio. Galeana, Mex 57, 4.3 km S of rd. to Puerto Mexico, ca. 10 km S of Coahuila state line, Bridges & Woodruff 13113 NY, TEX); ca. = o mi. NW of San Rafael, Henrickson 22654
Sauce, Mpio. Caleana, Hinton 18081 a, ca. Ll mi. E of jet. of Hwys. 60 & 57 near San Pablo, Oliver et al. 1064 (MO); 8 mi. W of Iturbide, Correll c ne 19835 (GH, NY, TEX); E Pto. Los Encinos, on Li Ripley & Barneby 13575 (CAS, NY); Doctor Arroyo, 2.5 km ENE of San Antonio de Pefia Nevada, Nesom 4287 (GH, TEX); 14 km W of Doctor Arroyo, Shreve & Tinkham 9642 (GH, UC); 34 mi. S$ of Saltillo, near Hwy o7, Rollins & Roby 76064 (GH, MO, NY); 4 mi. S of turn-off to Hacienda de San Jose Raices, betw. Saltillo & Matehuala, Rollins & Tryon 58182 (GH, US); Mpio. de Derrumbadero, Cafion de los Capulines above San Enrique, Hacienda San Jose de Raices, Mueller 2388 (F, GH, MICH, MO); 15 mi. SW of Pueblo Galeana, Mueller 526 (GH); Arroyo on rd. to Galeana, Breedlove & Mahoney 72168 (CAS); 18 mi. E of Matehuala, Flyr 1541 (GH). Potosi: Charcas, Lundell 5315 (MICH, NY, US); Laguna Seca, Km. 20 on Rzedowski 6334 (MICH); 22 km S Matahuala, 2 25”N, 100°38'50"-39'W, Johnston et al. 11109 (CAS, GH, LL, MO, NY). Tamaulipas: 4 km W et al. 621 (DS, GH, MO, NY, UC); ermano, Stanford et al. 2490 (DS, NY, US); 15 ie S Palmillas, McDonald 1084 (TEX); Mpio. Miquihuanan, El Cargadero, km NW Estanque de los Walle, Hernandez, Martinez & Palomo 2066 (TEX); 10 km SW Altamira, Hernandez et al. 1959 (TEX). Zacatecas: Sierra del Astillero, 24°34'N, 101°04-06W', Johnston et al. 11565L (LL), Johnston et al. 11551B (LL); Sierra Madre Oriental, Concepcién del Oro, Pennell 17424 (F, GH, MICH, NY, US).
Discussion. Schulz (1933) did not cite any collections under his rather brief diagnosis of Asta
Although Rollins (1941: 197) did not designate a type either, he assumed that “Pringle
pringlet.
3271 represents the entity Schulz had in mind. In any case, that collection has been used as a point of reference in the present instance.” It is likely that Schulz examined a specimen of that collection number, but we are uncertain if such a specimen was annotated by him and exists somewhere. It is quite possible that such a specimen may have been at B but was destroyed during World War II. Pringle did not collect any material other than his 3271, of which I have examined all 21 duplicates cited above. Until a specimen of A. pringlei with Schulz’s annotation is discovered, the above arbitrary neotype designation is needed.
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Al-Shehbaz 11 Asta (Brassicaceae) from Mexico
Asta schaffneri subsp. pringlet is the most widespread and highly variable of the three subspe- cies of A. schaffneri. The variation is most noticeable in the length and orientation of the fruiting pedicel, size, shape, and degree of compression of the fruit, seed number, and the presence versus absence or density of the vesicular papillae on the fruit replum. However, none of the variation falls into consistent, geographically delimited patterns that merit further subdivision of the taxon.
Two chromosome counts of n = 10 are known for Asta schaffneri ae pringlet from Coahuila and s & Riidenberg, 1977, 1979,
respectively). No counts are available for the other
uevo Leén (Ro
two subspecies of A. schaffneri.
stricta (Rollins) Al-
ehbaz, comb. et stat. nov. Basionym: Asta stricta Rollins, Contrib. Gray Herb. 214: 19. 1984. TYPE: Mexico. Hidalgo: ° cumber del cerro Cangand6, proximo a Encar- nacion, 2700-2800 m, 15 Sep. 1961, L. Paray 3198 (holotype, ENCB; isotype, MICH).
Ic. Asta schaffneri subsp.
‘cerca de la
Fruit ovoid, 2—2.6 mm; fruiting pedicels erect, appressed to rachis; gynophore 0.5-1.7 mm
Phenology. Asta schaffneri subsp. stricta flowers from September to November
Distribution and habitat. Asta schaffneri subsp. stricta is found in oak woodland at 1900-2800 m in Hidalgo and Queretaro, Mexico.
Additional specimens examined. MEXICO. Queretaro:
Mpio. Arroyo Seco, Sétano del Barro, S Santa Maria de Cocos, Carranza 2950 (CAS, MICH, TEX).
Discussion. The characters used by Rollins (1984, 1993) to separate Asta schaffneri from A. stricta show a great deal of continuity, and they do not hold to justify the recognition of two distinct species. For example, Rollins indicated that the pedicel in A. stricta is 7-10 mm long and in A. schaffneri it is 3-7 mm. The isotype of A. stricta has pedicels 4-7 mm long, whereas in A. schaffneri subsp. pringlei (Hinton 20496) they are is up to 10 mm.
protrusion of the valve into the stylar area of A. stricta
Furthermore, the
varies within the type collection, and comparable . schaffnert. In all
aspects of the plant, there are no sharp distinctions
situations occur sporadically in A
between the taxa, and that might be indicative of infraspecific hybridization. Because the three entities recognized herein are geographically separated, | prefer to recognize them at the subspecific rather than specific rank.
Acknowledgments. 1 am profoundly grateful to Nicholas J. Turland for advice regarding the pI ica of Asta pringlet. I thank the directors,
urators, and collection managers of the herbaria cited. I am atl to Anthony R. Brach (A-GH), Andrew Doran (UC), Ernst Vitek (W), and Jacek Wajer (BM) for their help in locating type collections of various taxa. | am profoundly grateful to the National Science Foundation for the Opportunities for Promoting Understanding through Synthesis (OPUS) grant DEB-1252905 that supported part of this research. I also thank Andrew Salywon and an anonymous reviewer for their valuable comments on the manuscript. Last but not least, | thank the editorial office of Novon for their advice and help.
Literature Cited Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2012. A generic and tribal synopsis of the
Brassicaceae (Cruciferae). eee 61: 931-
Al-Shehbaz, I. A, M. A. Beilstein & E. A. Kellogg. 2000. Systematics and phylogeny of a Brassicaceae: overview. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259: 8
Kiefer, M., R. Schm ickl, D. A. ee T. Mandakova, M
M. vel knowledge database on Brassica ceae eee PL ‘Cell Physiol *53(1 ): e3 1-9). doi: 10. 1093/pep/pet158. , M. A., M. Kiefer, D. A. German, I. A. Al-Shehbaz, A. Franz ke, K. Mummenhoff & R. Schmickl. 2012. Biasei Bases ‘Tools. and biological resources to study alae ia traits in the Brassicaceae, version 1.1. Taxon 61: 1001-1009. ea. W. 1970. Cruciferae. Pp. 1-118 in L. E. Codd, B Winter, D. J. B. Killick & H. B. Rycroft (editors), Flora of Southern Africa, Vol. 13. Government Printer, Pretori Rollins, R. C. 1941. Some generic relatives of Capsella. . Dudley Herb. 3: 185-197. Rollins, R. 1984. Studies on Mexican Cruciferae II. Contrib. Gray Herb. 214: 19-27. Rollins, R. C. 1993. The Cruciferae of Continental North Raeaea. vou University fae Samet poenins Rollins, R. C. Riidenberg. 1 mosome num of Cruciferae - aa ay Hat. 207. 101-116. Rollins, R. C Riidenberg. 1979. Chromosome numbers of Cruciferae IV. Publ. Bussey Inst. Harvard Univ. 1979: 79-92. Schulz, O. E. 1933. Kurze Notizen iiber neue Gattungen, Sckionen und Arten der Cruciferen. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 66:
Schulz, o E. 1936. Cruciferae. Pp. 227-658 in A. Engler & H. ae SS aussea: Die Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien, Vol. 17B ee m eipzig
Warwick, S.1 Moen, cA. Sauder, M. A. Koch & I. A. Al-Shehbaz. oes ie as aps: Phylogenetic secon in t sicacea NA
sequence data of ee or 11s ae “PL Syst. Evol. 285: 209-2
. Sauder & I. A. - Shehbaz. 2011.
and Phravenia
are 5. 188 Pee . American Botany. Proc. cad. ee Sei. |
Weberling, ¥. 1955. sce oe — entwicklungsge- schichtliche Untersuchungen iiber Ausbildung des Un- terblattes bei dikotylen Gewichsen. Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 32: 27-105.
Three New Genera in the Tribe Euclidieae (Brassicaceae)
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A.
Dmitry A. German
Department of Biodiversity and Plant Systematics, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 345, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany, and South-Siberian Botanical Garden, Altai State University, Lenina Street 61, 656049 Barnaul, Russia
Apstract. The new ific genera Anzheng- xta Al-Shehbaz & D. A. Cae: Metashangrilaia Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German, and Rudolf-kamelinia Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German are described, and the
supporting data for their recognition and the PP S S
characters distinguishing them from related ae of the tribe Euclidieae are discussed. The combinations A. yechengnica (C. H. An) Al- Shehbaz & D. A. German, M. forrestii (W. W. Sm.) Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German, and R. korolkowi (Regel & Schmalh.) Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German are proposed.
Key words: Anzhengxia, Asia, Brassicaceae, Cru- ciferae, Euclidieae, Metashangrilaia, Rudolf-kameli- nia.
Following the first Brassicaceae (or Cruciferae)- wide molecular phylogenetic study (Beilstein et al., 2006) and the first phylogenetic tribal classification of the family (Al-Shehbaz et al., 2006), tremendous advances were made during the past decade, especially in relation to generic assignments and
boundaries, tribal delimitations, and age and diver- sification of the family. The literature covering these three aspects is too voluminous to list, and the interested reader should consult the following papers and references cited within (Beilstein et al., 2008, 2010; German et al., 2009; Khosravi et al., 2009; Couvreur et al., 2010; Warwick et al., 2010; Al- Shehbaz, 2012; Hohmann et al., 2015; Franzke et al., 2016; Huang et al., 2016).
The numbers of tribes and new or synonymized genera have also increased substantially (e.g., German & Al-Shehbaz, 2008, 2010; Al-Shehbaz et al., 2011; Al-Shehbaz, 2012; Koch et al., 2012a; German & Friesen, 2014). As currently enumerated, the family includes 51 tribes, 340 genera, and 3840 The
wealth of taxonomic, cytological, bibliographic, and
species (author’s preliminary compilation).
phylogenetic data on the Brassicaceae is now readily available on the comprehensive database BrassiBase
(see Koch et al., 2012b; Kiefer et al., 2014; <http://
Novon 25: 12-17.
PUBLISHED ON 8 DECEMBER 2016. do
In addition, several studies focused on the phylogenetic relation-
brassibase.cos.uni-heidelberg.de/>).
ships and limits of individual tribes, including, for a general overview, the Alysseae (Warwick et al., 2008; ReSetnik et al., 2013; Li et t al., ae Saati et al., 2015), uclidieae— fee. perideae (Warwick et al., 2007), erie (Al- Shehbaz et al., 2011; Koch et al., 2012a; Karl & Koch, 2013), Boechereae (Alexander et al., 2013), Brassiceae (Warwick & Sauder, 2005; Arias & Pires, 2012), Chorisporeae (German et al., 2011), Cochle- arieae (Koch, 2012), Dontostemoneae (Friesen et al., 2016), Erysimeae (Moazzeni et al., 2014), Eudemeae (Salariato et al., 2015), Halimolobeae (Bailey et al., 2007), Heliophileae (Mummenhoff et al., 2005; Mandakova et al., 2012), Lepidieae (Mummenhoff et al., 2009), Microlepidieae (Heenan et al., 2012), Physarieae (Fuentes-Soriano & Al-Shehbaz, 2013), and Schizopetaleae and/or Thelypodieae (Warwick et al., 2009; Toro-Ntfiez et al., 2013; Cacho et al., 2014).
Phylogenetic studies by Warwick et al. (2004, 2007) dealt with the Euclidieae but did not cover all
genera of this tribe. However, they clearly showed
hee aniene hanenerese
that three species (Sisymbriopsis yechengnica (C. H. An) Al-Shehbaz, C. H. An [as Z. X. An] & G. Yang, Braya forrestu. W. W. Sm., and Neotorularia korolkowu (Regel & Schmalh.) Hedge & J. Léonard) did not fall into monophyletic clades that included the type species of the genera in which they were placed. That, and additional family-wide studies
1 ATR
see below), supported the exclusion of these species into new monospecific genera herein proposed as Anzhengxia Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German, Meta- shangrilaia Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German, and Rudolf-kamelinia Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German, respectively. Detailed descriptions and distributions of the three species are found in Zhou et al. (2001) and Al-Shehbaz (2015) and need not be repeated
here.
i: 10.3417/2016015
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Al-Shehbaz & German New Genera in Euclidieae (Brassicaceae)
13
ANZHENGXIA
The pie transferred herein to the new
genus Anzhengxia was originally de- eeahhed by An (1981) as Microsisymbrium yechengni- cum C. H. An. Schulz (1924) established the genus Microsisymbrium O. E. Schulz to include three Himalayan species and a fourth from the southwest- ern United States and adjacent Mexico. However, Microsisymbrium is illegitimate because it included the type of the earlier-published Guillenia Greene. Al-Shehbaz and O’Kane (1999) assigned the Hima- layan species of Microsisymbrium to various genera and the species above was transferred by Al- Shehbaz et al. (1999) to Sisymbriopsis Botsch. & Tzvelev, a genus that seemed then to be the best fit for the species.
Ribosomal ITS sequence data by Warwick et al. (2004, 2007) included two of the five species of Sisymbriopsis, S. mollipila (Maxim.) Botsch. and S. yechengnica, but not the generic type, S. schugnana Botsch. & Tzvelev. However, S. mollipila shares many morphological characters (especially in fruit, indumentum, flower, and seed) with S. schugnana that S. yechengnica does not, and it is considered here to be the better representative of the genus. The molecular data clearly show that S. mollipila and S. yechengnica belong to two well-supported clades including different species groups of Neotorularia Hedge & J. Léonard. The latter species differs from the other taxa currently placed in Sisymbriopsis by having exclusively simple (vs. simple and/or stalked forked or dendritic) trichomes, longitudinally 2- veined (vs. veinless) septa, slightly recurved (vs. straight) fruiting pedicels, obtuse (vs. apiculate) anthers, broadly obovate (vs. oblanceolate) petals 6—
vs. 2-4) mm long, and apically winged (vs. wingless or rarely distally apiculate) seeds. Anzheng- xia (pronounced an-zeng-shia) is named in honor of Professor An Zhengxi, former director of the Xinjiang Agricultural University herbarium (XJA) and an expert on the Brassicaceae of China and the author of many new species, including the one on which the new genus is based.
I. Anzhengxia Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German, gen. nov. TYPE: Anzhengxia yechengnica (C. H. An) Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German.
erbs annual. Trichomes simple, crisped, flat- tened. Multicellular glands absent. Stems erect to subdecumbent. Basal leaves petiolate, not rosulate, simple, dentate to pinnatifid; cauline leaves petiolate to subsessile, not auriculate at base, entire or dentate upward. Racemes many-flowered, ebracteate, elon- gated considerably in fruit; rachis straight; fruiting
pedicels ascending to divaricate, slightly recurved. Sepals oblong, free, deciduous, erect, equal, base of lateral pair not saccate; petals white to pink, erect at base with flaring blade, distinctly longer than sepals; blade obovate, apex obtuse; claw slightly differenti- ated from blade, much shorter than sepals, glabrous, unappendaged, entire; stamens 6, exserted, erect, tetradynamous; filaments wingless, unappendaged, glabrous, free; anthers narrowly oblong, not apiculate; nectar glands confluent, lateral ringlike and sur- rounding bases of lateral stamens, median nectaries subtending bases of median pairs; ovules 20 to 28 per ovary; placentation parietal. Fruit dehiscent, capsular siliques, linear, latiseptate, not inflated, unsegment- ed; valves papery, with a prominent midvein and 2 marginal veins, glabrous or pubescent, not keeled, wingless,
strongly torulose, unappendaged; gyno-
phore obsolete; replum rounded, visible; septum complete, membranous, with 2 longitudinal veins; style to 1 mm, cylindrical, persistent; stigma capitate, entire, unappendaged. Seeds uniseriate, winged distally, oblong, flattened, papillate, mucilaginous
when wetted; cotyledons incumbent. 1. Anzhengxia yechengnica (C. H. An) Al-Shehbaz
German, comb. nov. oe Micro-
: 99, 1981, = Sisymbriopsis yechengnica (C. H. 1. An) Al-Shehbaz, C. H. An &
, Anonymous 3347 (holotype, HNWP; isotype, PE).
The species is endemic to
China.
Xinjiang Province,
METASHANGRILAIA
The original placement by Smith (1913) of Braya forrestit in Braya Sternb. & Hoppe remained for more than a century, though Schulz (1924), who did not the species, did not recognize it and considered it to be doubtfully distinct from B. aenea Bunge, a synonym of B. rosea Bunge. Using ITS sequence data, Warwick et al. (2004) demonstrated that B. forrestit formed a well- supported clade sister to the rest of Braya and that it had quite distinct sequences separated from other Braya species by more than 40 steps and higher divergence percentage. More recently, Al-Shehbaz et al. (2004) and Al-Shehbaz and German (2014) considered i. species to be morphologically anom- alous in Braya and suggested that it should be placed ina genus. Braya forrestit has exclu- sively Siniple trichomes, whereas the rest of Braya
examine any material o
Novon
has forked, submalpighiaceous, or substellate tri- chomes sometimes mixed with simple ones. Trichome
Al-Shehb
valuable in the separation of most genera and species
morphology in the Euclidieae is extremely diversified ( therefore,
az et al., and, quite
in this tribe. The species also differs from Braya by having dark purple (vs. green or lavender) sepals and fruit as long as or shorter than the calyx. In the majority of Braya species, the fruit is distinctly longer than the calyx, though in B. tibetica Hook. Thomson they are not. Although both B. forrestit and Shangrilaia Al-Shehbaz, J. P. Yue & H. Sun have exclusively simple trichomes, the former has sessile (vs. slipitate) fruit, complete (vs. perforate) septum, rosulate and linear to oblanceolate (vs. cauline and acicular) leaves, and several-flowered racemes (vs. solitary flowers). For these reasons, we prefer to place B. forrestii into the well-defined, monospecific Metashangrilaia, a genus related to Shangrilaia and resembling Braya.
II. Metashangrilaia Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German, gen. nov. TYPE: Metashangrilaia forresti (W. W. Sm.) Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German
Herbs perennial, densely caespitose, scapose, pilose; caudex woody, to 3 cm in diam. at simple base, numerous branched, densely covered with petiole remains of previous years. Trichomes simple. Multicellular glands absent. Stems erect to ascend- ing. Basal leaves petiolate, rosulate, simple, entire; cauline leaves absent. Racemes_ several-flowered, ebracteate, corymbose, not elongated in fruit; rachis straight; fruiting pedicels ascending, persistent. Sepals ovate or oblong, free, persistent, often dark purple distally, erect, equal, base of lateral pair not saccale; petals purple, pink, or white, erect at base with slightly flaring blade, ascending, longer than sepals; blade obovate, apex rounded; claw slightly differentiated from blade, shorter than sepals, glabrous, unappendaged, entire; stamens 6, included, erect, slightly tetradynamous; filaments wingless, unappendaged, glabrous, free; anthers oblong, not apiculate; nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of all stamens; ovules 4 to 8 per ovary; placentation parietal. Fruit dehiscent, capsular silicles, ovoid, terete, not inflated, unsegmented; valves papery, veinless, glabrous or pubescent, not keeled, smooth, wingless, unappendaged, gynophore obsolete; replum rounded, visible; septum complete, membranous, veinless; style to 1 mm, stout, cylindric, persistent; sligma capitate, entire, unappendaged. Seeds biseri- alte, wingless, oblong, plump, mucilaginous when
wetted; cotyledons incumbent.
1. Metashangrilaia forrestii (W. W. Sm.) Al- Shehbaz & D. A. German, comb. nov. Basionym: Braya forrestt W. W. Sm., Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 119. 1913. TYPE: China. Yunnan [S Hengduan]|, W flank of Lichiang Range, 27°20'N, 12,000-13,000 ft. [3658- 3962 m|, June 1910, G. Forrest 5749 (holotype,
0022629; BM 000550160, K
E O isotypes, 00072534, PE
The species is distributed primarily in Xizang and Yunnan (China) and is known from a single gathering in neighboring Bhutan.
RUDOLF-KAMELINIA
This new monospecific genus is proposed to accommodate Sisymbrium korolkowit Regel & malh., a species transferred by Schulz (1924) to the illegitimate later homonym Torularia (Coss.) O. E. Schulz, where it was accepted for over 50 years, and then by Hedge and Léonard in Léonard (1986) to Neotorularia Hedge & J. Léonard, where it has been maintained to the present. Although seven species of Neotorularia were included in an ITS-based_ phylo- genetic study by Warwick et al. (2004), two were nested within Braya, but the remaining five, including the generic type N. torulosa (Desf.) Hedge & J. Léonard, fell in a polytomy and did not form a monophyletic clade. However, the trnL sequence data of these authors showed a weakly supported clade for the same five species. This discrepancy among the nuclear and chloroplast phylogenies might well be indicative of reticulate evolution, which would explain the controversial morphological patterns, paucity of reliable characters to delimit Neotorularia and related genera, and difficulties in finding the proper taxonomic relationship. Subsequent phyloge- netic studies that included N. torulosa and either N. 2009) or its sister Dichasianthus subtilissimus (Popov) Ovez. & Junus- sov (Warwick et al., 2007; German et al., 2009) have clearly demonstrated that N. korolkowti should not be
korolkowitt (Khosravi et al.,
maintained in Neotorularia.
There is no unique apomorphy clearly separating Neotorularia korolkowiti from the rest of Neotorularia, and it is necessary to use a combination of characters to distinguish them. It differs from N. torulosa and other species currently maintained in the genus by having yellowish (though sometimes pinkish or white; vs. exclusively pinkish or white) petals, slender and well-developed (vs. stout and obsolete) styles dis- tinctly narrower than (vs. nearly as wide as) fruit (except for N. dentata (Freyn & Sint.) Hedge & J.
Léonard), and fruiting pedicels though stout but
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Al-Shehbaz & German 15 New Genera in Euclidieae (Brassicaceae)
narrower than (vs. about as wide as) fruit (except for N. brevipes (Kar. & Kir.) Hedge & J. Léonard). From the morphologically closest NV. dentata, N. korolkowii can also be distinguished by its exclusively Y-shaped branched trichomes on leaves and fruits (vs. several forked to subdendritic) and by having simple (vs. ie trichomes on leaves (Yunussov, 1978; Zhou et al.,
Al- ae (2015) suggested that Neotorularia korolkowtt ought to be excluded from Neotorularia. ITS sequence data (Warwick et al., 2007; German et al., 2009) indicated that the species and monospe- ee Dichasianthus Ovez. & Junussov are sister taxa. Although Sojak (1982) transferred the species to Dichasianthus, o taxa have very little in common. Neotorularia korolkoww differs from D. subtilissimus by having stalked, forked (vs. exclu- sively simple) trichomes, rosulate (vs. non-rosulate)
asal leaves, straight (vs. strongly flexuous) raceme rachis, usually yellowish (vs. pink or purple) petals, confluent (vs. four distinct, lateral) nectar glands, plump (vs. flattened) seeds, and terete (vs. strongly latiseptate) fruit. Therefore, based on molecular and
morphological data, N. orolkowit is transferred
herein to the Rudolf-kamelinia, a genus
named in honor of our late colleague Rudolf Vladimirovich Kamelin (12 Aug. 1938-1 Apr.
, an academician and renowned expert on the flora of Middle and Central Asia, former president of the Russian Botanical Society, and long-time curator of the herbarium of vascular plants in the V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Ill. Rudolf-kamelinia Al-Shehbaz & D. A. German, gen. nov. TYPE: Rudolf-kamelinia korolkowti (Regel & Schmalh.) Al-Shehbaz & D.
German.
Herbs annual or biennial, rarely short-lived Trichomes stalked, 1l- or 2-forked,
sometimes mixed with simple ones on lower plant
perennial.
parts. Multicellular glands absent. Stems erect to
ascending, 1 or few from base. Basal leaves petiolate, rosulate, simple, entire or dentate; cauline leaves similar to basal, sessile or subsessile, not auriculate. Racemes several- to many-flowered, ebracteate, corymbose, elongated considerably in fruit; rachis straight; fruiting pedicels erect to ascending, persistent, narrower than fruit. Sepals oblong, free, deciduous, erect, equal, base of lateral pair not saccate; petals white, sometimes with yellowish center, erect at base with flaring blade, longer than sepals; blade broadly obovate, apex retuse; claw only slightly differentiated from blade,
much shorter than sepals, glabrous, unappendaged,
entire; stamens 6, slightly exserted, erect, slightly tetradynamous; filaments wingless, unappendaged, glabrous, free; anthers oblong, apiculate; nectar glands lateral, semilunar, median glands absent; ovules 14 to 26 per ovary; placentation parietal. Fruit dehiscent, capsular siliques, linear, terete, not inflated,
papery, with somewhat distinct midvein, pubescent
apically curved, unsegmented; valves with short-stalked, 2-rayed trichomes, not keeled, rounded, torulose, wingless, unappendaged; gyno- phore absent; replum rounded, visible; septum complete, somewhat thickened, veinless; style 1-2 mm, cylindric, persistent; stigma capitate, slightly 2-lobed, lobes free, not decurrent, opposite replum, unappendaged. Seeds uniseriate, wingless, oblong, plump; seed coat not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons incumbent.
1. Rudolf-kamelinia korolkowii (Regel & Schmalh.) Al-Shehbaz & D Basionym: Sisymbrium korolkowiu Regel & Schmalh., Trudy Imp. $.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada o: 240. 1877. TYPE: [Kyrgyzstan]. Pass Dolon & gorge O...uka, Apr. 1872. Korolkow s.n.
iholotype, LE).
German, comb. nov.
The species is distributed in Afghanistan, China, India, Kazakhstan, Records from Mongolia and Turkmenistan cannot
2009, 2015,
Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan.
be confirmed (see German, and Bondarenko, 1974, respectively).
Acknowledgments. The first author is cia grateful to the United States National Scienc Foundation for the OPUS grant DEB-1252905 ne supported part of this research; and the second author is equally thankful to the German Research Founda- tion (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG] grant KO02302-13/1 within the framework of the priority [DFG-SSP 1529])
for similar support. We thank James G. Harris and an
research program “Adaptomics”
anonymous colleague for their reviews of the manuscript as well as the Missouri Botanical Garden Press editorial staff for their help and advice.
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DNA sequences
A New Species of Erisma (Vochysiaceae) from Panama
Maria Liicia Kawasaki Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, U.S.A.
Ikawasaki@fieldmuseum.org
Sumling Castillo
Universidad Aut6noma de Chiriqui, Escuela de Biologia, David, Chiriqui, Panama.
sumlingcastillo@hotmail.com
Gordon McPherson Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166, U.S.A.
gordon.mepherson@mobot.org
ABSTRACT. panamense M. L. Kawas., S. Castillo & McPherson, is
A new species of Erisma Rudge, E.
here described, illustrated, and assigned IU conservation status.
Key words: Erisma, Panama, Vochysiaceae.
Erisma Rudge (Vochysiaceae) consists of 16 species of trees distributed in lowland forests from South America, mostly in Amazonian Brazil, to Panama, where until recently only one species was known to occur (Kawasaki, 1998). However, collect- ing for the botanical inventory of the Minera Panama S.A. copper mining site (Donoso District, Colén Province) has recently revealed the presence of a new species of the genus from this area. It is described and illustrated here, and thus becomes the 24t published species to be based on specimens collected for the inventory (Barrie et al., 2016).
Erisma panamense M. L. Kawas., S. Castillo & McPherson, sp. nov. TYPE: Panama. Coldn: Donoso, Minera Panama, Botija Camp S_02, 8°51'11.4"N, 80°38'22.8"W, 132 m, 4 June 2014, S. Castillo 405 (holotype, PMA; isotype, MO). Figures 1, 2
Diagnosis. Similar to Erisma nitidum DC. in having flower buds with a cylindric spur, but it differs in its purple petal (vs. white with a yellow center).
Tree ca. 7 m; hairs where present yellowish to yellowish brown, stellate. Leaves opposite, the blades chartaceous, elliptic to ovate, 8-17 X 3.5-6.5 cm, puberulous to glabrous or with a few trichomes in the axils of lateral veins on the lower surface; apex acuminate; base obtuse; midvein on the upper surface raised near base, forming a narrow ridge, plane to sulcate toward apex, prominent below;
Novon 25: 18-21. PUBLISHED oN 8 DECEMBER 2016.
lateral veins 6 to 10 pairs, prominent on both surfaces, angle with midvein 60°—70°; marginal vein
—2 mm from margin; petiole canaliculate, 8-10 mm; stipules subulate, ca. 1 mm, deciduous. Inflores- cences panicles of cincinni, 7-13 cm, peduncles and lateral branches densely pubescent to puberulous; outer bracteoles suborbicular to obovate, ca. 2 mm, the inner ones linear, ca. 1 mm, bracts and bracteoles deciduous; pedicels ca. 1 mm; flower buds ca. 4 mm; calyx lobes 5, unequal, the largest one spurred, ca. 4 mm, its outer side sepal-like, its inner side petal-like, the spur cylindric, straight, 1-3 mm, deciduous with the largest calyx lobe; other calyx lobes 1-1.5 mm; petal 1, purple, obcordate, unguiculate, ca. 4 = 4 mm, villous within, puberulous without; stamen 1, ca. 3 mm, the anther sagittate, ca. 2 mm; style ca. 3 mm, the stigma terminal, capitate; ovary inferior, uniloc- ular; ovules 2, apical. Fruits unknown.
Phenology. Erisma panamense has been collect- ed with flowers in June.
Distribution and habitat. known only from the type collection in Panama, in the
Erisma panamense is
lowland rainforests of Donoso District, Col6n.
IUCN Red List category. Erisma panamense is evaluated as Critically Endangered (CR: B2ab) according to IUCN criteria (IUCN, 2001), because the single known collection was made in the Minera Panama mining area and thus the site is threatened by clearing.
Etymology. Erisma panamense is named after the country of Panama.
Discussion. This new species is similar to Erisma
nitidum DC., a species from French Guiana and
doi: 10.3417/2016003
Volume 25, Number 1 016
Kawasaki et al. 1g Erisma (Vochysiaceae) from Panama
}? ' t i i) 0)
3 j ' i = we im | Erisma panamens
Dee 405 (MO),
Prat
Guyana, in the color of indument, morphology of leaves, and in the shape of the spur of the largest calyx lobe; in FE. panamense, however, the cylindric spur is shorter (1-3 mm vs. ca. 4 mm) and the petal is purple (vs. white, yellow in the center). It is also superficially similar to FE. micranthum Spruce ex
e M. L. Kawas., S. Castillo & McPherson. —A. Leaves and flowers. —B. Flowers. Photos from S. taken from TROPICOS® (<www.tropicos.org>).
Warm., a species from Venezuelan and northern Brazilian Amazon, in the relatively small flowers, but it differs in the color of the indument (yellowish to yellowish brown vs. grayish), shape of the spur (cylindric vs. globose), and the color of the petal
(purple vs. yellowish, red at base). Erisma blancoa
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z Botija Camp. S_02 : ¥, 08 5111.4 N, 80 38 22.80 132m _— 4 ‘ 4 de junio de 2014
Sumling Castillo
N° 405 DISTRIBUIDAS POR EL HERBARIO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE PANAMA (PMA)
Figure 2. Erisma panamense M. L. Kawas., S. Castillo & McPherson. Photo of the isotype S. Castillo 405 (MO).
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Kawasaki et al. 21 Erisma (Vochysiaceae) from Panama
Marc.-Berti was thus far the only species of the genus known in Panama; in this species, the petal is yellowish, ca. 10 mm (vs. purple, ca. 4 mm in E. panamense), the stipules are conspicuous (ca. 4 mm
KryY TO ERISMA PANAMENSE AND RELATED SPECIES
vs. | mm, inconspicuous), and the leaves are larger (14.5-27 X 5-10 em vs. 8-17 X 3.5-6.5 cm), usually obtuse) at the base. These four species are compared in the key below.
subcordate (vs.
la. Indument grayish; spur globos
1b. Indument yellowish to ie brown; spur cylindric.
2a. Petal purple
E. micranthum Spruce ex Warm.
S. Castillo & McPherson
E. panamense M. L. Kawas.,
2b. Petal white to yellowish. 3a. Midvein of leaves sulcate above
E. nitidum DC.
3b. Midvein of leaves raised above
E. blancoa Marc.-Berti
Acknowledgments. We are grateful to Professor Correa, Director of the Herbario de la Uni-
a (PMA), and to Curator Jim Solomon
of MO for professional courtesies and for facilitating
Mireya versidad de Panam
access to the collections under their care. We thank José De Gracia of Minera Panama S.A. for permission to reproduce the photos in Figure 1 and the Panamanian Ministry of Environment (MIAMBIENTE) for authoriza- tion to export duplicate collections to collaborating institutions. Helpful suggestions from = Litt and Luis Marcano-Berti are also acknowledge
Literature Cited
Barrie, F. R., C. Ramos, O. O. Ortiz, lL. Vergara-Perez & G. McPherson. 2016. Five new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Panama. Novon 24(4): 333-342.
IUCN. 2001. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 3.1. Prepared by the IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN Gland, Switzerland, and Cam- bridge, United Kingdom.
Kawasaki, M. L. 1998. Systematics of Erisma (Vochysia- ceae). Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 81: 1-40
Nomenclatural Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) subgenus Rosa Recognized in North America
Walter H. Lewis Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biology, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, U.S.A., and Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A. wlewis@wustl.edu
Apstract. New taxa and nothotaxa are described within North American Rosa L. subg. Rosa. Rosa setigera Michx., formerly considered of Eurasian origin and placed in Rosa sect. Systylae DC., is segregated into the new Rosa sect. Americanae W. H. Lewis. Its origin is proposed to be in the Ozark Plateau of the south-central United States. One new species, R. memoryae W. H. Lewis, and one new subspecies, R. virginiana Mill. subsp. mini- dentata W. H. Lewis, are described. Twelve new Rosa nothospecies are described: Rosa Xatlantica W. HL Lewis: Rosa Xcanadensis W. H. Lewis, Rosa Xchurchillu W. H. Lewis, Rosa Xfernaldiorum W. H. Lewis, Rosa Xgilmaniana W. H. Lewis, Rosa X<hainesit W. H. Lewis, Rosa Xharmsiana W. 4H. ewis, Rosa Xhodgdonii x<masstana W. H. Lewis, Rosa Xoldhamiu W. H. Lewis, Rosa Xperaxeliana W. H. Lewis, and Rosa
xvictoriana W. H. Lewis. All of these are naturally produced hybrids rather than cultivated plants. The
existing nothospecies Rosa Xengelmannii S. Wat-
son, of parentage R. acicularis Lindl. X R. nutkana C. Presl, is divided into three nothosubspecies: nothosubspecies engelmannii, nothosubspecies oc- cidentalis ewis, and nothosubspecies britannicae-columbiae W. H. Lewis, distinguished by parentage involving three different subspecies of R. nutkana. New hybrid introgressions identified in Canada and the United States are briefly dis- cussed.
Key words: Rosa sect. Americanae, hybridization, introgression, North America, nothospecies, notho- subspecies, Rosa setigera, Rosaceae, section, sub- species.
The author has been studying North American roses for almost 60 years (e.g., Lewis, 1958a, 2008; Lewis et al., 2015). Many nothospecies are known in this group, and new taxa continue to be discovered. This publication presents an assortment of new taxa and nothotaxa that herbarium studies have shown to merit recognition, including a new endemic section, one species, one subspecies, 12 nothospecies, and
Novon 25: 22-46. PUBLISHED ON 8 DECEMBER 2016. do
two nothosubspecies, and discusses observations of introgression. NEW SECTION IN RosA SuBG. ROSA
Rosa L. sect. Americanae W. H. Lewis, sect. nov.
TYPE: Rosa setigera Michx., Fl. Bor-Amer. 1:
295. 1803 a sectio nova a Rosae L. ceteris sectionibus mericanis omnibus plantis dioeciis floribus masculis
foemineisque dimorphis distinguitur.
Rosa sect. Americanae and its sole species, R. seligera, are distinguished from all other Ameri- can Rosa species by cryptically dioecious rather than hermaphroditic flowers. Male plants have more flowers per inflorescence than female plants, while carpellate flowers expand more as they age compared to staminate flowers. Anthers in male plants are about 2 mm long while those in female plants are about 1 mm. long. Staminate flowers are considered to have more pollen than carpel- late flowers and so receive greater attention from pollinators. formed pollen while males do not, resulting in fewer and smaller hips among carpellate plants and more and larger hips among 1959a; Kevan et al., 2013; Zuzek & Zlesak,
staminate plants (Lewis, 1990; Zlesak et al., 2014).
Stems of Rosa setigera are procumbent, often growing to 3-5 m long in one season, or climbing to 60 dm; second-year stems produce short ascending flowering branches with few small prickles (Fig. 1). Stamens average 200 per flower, which is greater than other species of Rosa in North America (Erlanson, 1934). For further details of the morphology of R. setigera, see Kemp (1993a, 1993b) and Lewis et al. (2015)
Discussion. Rosa setigera has been placed in the otherwise Eurasian Rosa sect. Systylae DC.
(whose name is corrected from Synstylae). Section
i: 10.3417/2016018
Volume 25, Number 1 016
Lewis 23 Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
habit, Ozark Plains.
Figure 1. Rosa setigera Michx.
Systylae had seemed to be the most reasonable placement for a new Rosa in Europe of unknown origin. However, botanists (author included) have been slow to recognize that R. setigera, native only to North America, has unique features distinct from section Systylae. Most importantly, with rare exceptions in Eurasia, all other species of Rosa, including those of section Systylae, are monoe- cious, whereas R. setigera is cryptically dioecious. Therefore,
Systylae and summarizes evidence supporting its
this paper removes it from section
placement in a new Rosa section, Americanae W. H. Lewis, which includes only that species.
Rosa setigera has pollen of 31-36 wm diameter (Lewis, 1959a). This is larger than the pollen of seven diploid (2n = 14) North American Rosa species, which average 27-29 wm diameter, and similar in size to the pollen of the three tetraploid species (2n = 28) in North America east of the Rocky Mountains, R. arkansana Porter, R. carolina L., and R. virginiana Mill. Further, chromosome morphology of R. setigera differs from diploid species examined east of the Rocky Mountains since he longest about 5 um in length, while those of other
-
individual chromosomes are _ larger,
diploid species are about 3 um in length. This increase in chromatin is clearly associated with the greater cell size observed for R. setigera pollen
(Lewis, 1959a).
Flavonoid patterns show that Rosa sect. Systylae is well defined by the 3-O-glucoside and 3-O- rhamnoside of kaempferol. That section is proba- wild roses
further confirmed by the research of Grossi et al. (1997) on flavonoid and enzyme polymor- phisms. the Eurasian species of section Systylae also appears justifiable in view of molecular data published to date (Joly & Bruneau, 2006; 2006; Bruneau et al., 2007). Fougére-Danezan et al. (2015) further suggested that the removal of R. iff Systylae is
Separation of R. setigera from
et al.,
setigera is justified if Rosa sect. separated regionally.
The epicenter of Rosa setigera distribution, based on specimen density, is in the American Ozark Plateau region that includes Missouri, Arkansas, and Oklahoma and nearby states throughout the south- central United States (COSEWIC, 2003a, 2003b). The borders of the Ozark Plateau are approximately between 36°N and 39°N latitude and 90°W and 94.5°W longitude, including the St. Francois Moun- tains and the Rolla quadrangle, 37°-38°N, 90°-2°W (Sauer, 1920; Nelson, 2012). The species has spread eastward or been introduced in eastern and southern states to New England and Florida, but is still
Novon
uncommon in much of that range. For instance, several years ago, I was collecting Rosa with botanists in New England when we stumbled on a typical R. setigera. To my surprise, no colleague knew of this long, spreading Rosa that extended over vegetation for many yards. The species was simply new to them, that is, it had only recently arrived from the central United States, perhaps due to humans bringing seeds or plants while doing road work using materials from the west.
In the west Rosa setigera is infrequent in the Great Plains and does not extend to the Rocky Mountains or to the west beyond. The species is rare in Canada, known only in southwest Ontario and in the United States southeast of the 85th parallel, having been introduced there from the Midwest over long periods of time (Oldham et. al., 2003).
The pewou commonly used vernacular name for Rosa setigera, “Prairie rose,” is clearly a misnomer for a species that is based in the ancient cratonic- tectonic unit between the Appalachians, Ouachitas, and Rocky Mountains of North America (Imes & Emmett, 1994). Theriot, | propose a new vernac- ular name, “Ozark rose,” reflecting the mountainous region dominated by R. setigera in the south-central United States.
Distribution. Rosa setigera is found in Ontario, Canada, as well as Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland,
Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana,
Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma,
South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virgin-
Pennsylvania,
ia, West Virginia, Washington, D.C., and Wisconsin in the United States. Rosa setigera is naturalized in the Channel Islands, Europe.
NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ROSA
1. Rosa memoryae W. H. Lewis, sp. nov. TYPE: S.A. Texas: NW Wise Co., ’ srasslands, N 33°24.520', W 97°30.348', 8 June 2014, W. H. Lewis, R. J. O’Kennon & M. Elvin-Lewis 21525 (holotype, MO; BRIT). Figure 2.
isotype,
Haec species Rosae foliolosae Nutt. affinis, sed ab ea statura ineiiae: floribus minoribus atque petalis pallide roseis usque pallide rubris distinguitur
Stems erect to deflexed, 1.4-2.5 dm, if upright to 17.5 cm tall, bark reddish brown on main stem, branches tan, glabrous with single or paired erect
and sparse infrastipular prickles 2-3 mm, no intranodal prickles or aciculi. Leaves 3.3-5.5 cm, stipules 12-15 X ca. 2 mm, auricles deltoid, 1 mm, surfaces glabrous to
margins entire, eglandular,
puberulent; petiole and rachis with prickles, slipitate glandular; leaflets 7 to 9; terminal; blade lanceolate, 15—20 —6 mm, membranous, long cuneate, margins simply serrate, teeth gland tipped or eglandular; teeth 9 to 11 per side, few gland lipped, apex acute, abaxial surfaces light green, glabrous, eglandular, exerted midveins with no pricklets or stipitate glands, adaxially deep green, Inflorescences single-flowered
lustrous, glabrous.
corymbs, pedicels erect, 1-2 mm, glabrous, stipitate
Flowers ca. 2.8 hypanthium globose, ca. 2 X 3 mm (immature), glabrous, stipitate glandular, neck absent, sepals reflexed or spreading, lanceolate 13-15 X ca. 3.4 mm, er light pink to light red, ca. 10 X 14 mm, s 9-10 mm diam., globose, stipitate glandular.
Etymology. Rosa memoryae is named for Mem- Ph.D., Professor,
University in St. Louis, D.Sc. (Honoris Causa) and
ory Elvin-Lewis, Washington Distinguished Alumnus, University of British Co- and D.Sc.
University, Michigan. Dr. Memory Elvin-Lewis has
lumbia, (Honoris Causa), Andrews
een an exceptional collaborator in numerous field trips to collect Rosa in North America and other taxa in South America.
Vernacular name. Memory’s rose.
Discussion. Rosa memoryae is a miniature spe- cies found only in the Johnson Grasslands of Wise
as, some distance from the related R. ee Nutt., flowers. This area is considered to have a wide range
which is taller with larger, white
of unique ecosystems, which may account for the scarcily of this species.
Paratype. U.S.A. Texas: Wise Co., E 5. from Rhome, on a a7, 4 Sep. 1945, Whitehouse 10681 (BRIT [236518
2. Rosa virginiana Mill. subsp. minidentata W. H. Lewis, subsp. nov. TYPE: U. Suffolk Co., Riverhead, 26 ive I Moldenke & H. N. Moldenke 10623 icles, MO). Figure 3.
Haec subspecies a Rosa Oren Mill. subsp. virgi-
niana
inferioribus plerumque dense setigeris acieulis necnon glandulis stipitatis a atque foliolorum dentibus minoribus in quoque latere 12 distinguitur.
Volume 25, Number 1 016
Lew Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
is 295
MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN HERBARIUM
N¢ 6583699
TYPE SPECIMEN Missouri Botanical Garden (MIC)
ROSACEAE Rosa memoryae W.H. Lewis
det. Lewis, W. (MO) 2015 MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN HERBARIUM (MO)
UNITED STATES ROSACEA [126] Rosa foliolosa Nutt.
det. Walter H. Lewis (MO), 2014 Texas: Wise County LBJ Grasslands, Unit 60, on right-hand verge of road, slope in sandy soil (PH TsO). 33°24'31"N 097°30'21"W
910 ft Petals whit Oo pale pink Site darker pink steer collectin (oxidat ?) 08 June 2014
r H. Lewis, Memo Elvin-Lewis & neha J. ienenton 21525 MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN HERBARIUM (MO)
Figure 2. Rosa memoryae W. H. Lewis. Holotype, W. H. Lewis, R. J. O’Kennon & M. Elvin-Lewis 21525 (MO).
Rosa virginiana subsp. minidentata is similar to R. virginiana subsp. virginiana, except for the mostly densely setigerous lower stems and branches with aciculi and usually stipitate glands. The teeth are
smaller and 12 per side.
Paratypes. CANADA. New Brunswick: Northumber- land Co., Portage Island, 17 Sep. 1913, S. F. Blake 5676 (K). Newfoundland: Conception Bay, 2 Oct. 2001, W. H. Lewis & M. Elvin-Lewis 15765 (MO), Avalon Peninsula, La Manche Prov. Park, 3 Oct. 2001, W. H. Lewis & M.
Novon
| MN
MLS dU BOTANICAL GARDEN
VY MIssouUR!
1 eve) ey "ia le|ai mi g=t-1-) a'-10 |
(Ellys T. Moldenke & Harold N. M sneas) loldenke ROSACEAE (126) nes sa virginiana subsp. mintdentata W. H. ewis
LEX wee lef £ S| 1247487 3S TROPICOS Aa
Image = TR RS AR Rg Te ie
Flora of New York
Rosa virginiana Mill.
In dry Sandy soil, Riverhead, Suffolk Co.,
New York. Very abundant and as ense; corolla ink.
June 26, 1938
ELLYS T. MOLDENKE HAROLD N, MOLDENKE } CoLLEcTors No.
10623
Figure 3. Rosa virginiana Mill. subsp. minidentata W. H. Lewis. Holotype, FE. T. Moldenke & H. N. Moldenke 10623 (MO).
Elvin-Lewis 15769 (MO); St. Anthony, 2 May 2012, W. H. Lewis & M. Elvin-Lewis 21478-cult. (MO). Nova Scotia: Cape 4, Breton Island, Victoria Co., Baddeck, 14 Oct. 2004, W. H. Lewis & M. Elvin-Lewis 15899 (MO); Digby Co., Culloden Rd. of Hwy. 101, 16 Oct. 2004, W. H.
Lewis & M. Elvin-Lewis 15905 (MO); Inverness Co., Pleasant Bay, 13 Oct. 2004, W. H. Lewis & M. Lewis 14897 (MO).
Elvin-
U.S.A. Massachusetts: Berkshire Co., Sheffield, State Rd. by old cellar, 7 June 1919, C. R. Churchill s.n.
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Lewis of Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
(MO); Dukes Co., Martha’s Vineyard, Edgartown, 6 July 1906, G. G. Edwards s.n. USC, MICH, MO); Martha’s Vineyard, 12 Oct. , J Az dae 6262 (MO). : Ralls Co., Ely & Monroe City, along Oct, 1934, J. A. ead 16278 .. Whitefield, 2 mi. S,
: Addison Co. Middlebury, 18 July 1901, (VT): Caledonia Co., Barnet, 7 Sep. , A. V. Gilman 9151 (MO, VT); Chittenden Co. pre 30 July 1901, N. F. Flynn s.n. (VT); Rutla nd Co., North Pownal, North Hill, 23 July 1898, W. W. Balen 200 (VT); Rutland Co., West Rutland, 9 July 2004, A. V. Gilman & B. Popp 04070 (VT)
New NotHoraxa OF Rosé IN NortTH AMERICA
Twelve new nothospecies are recognized, and two new nothosubspecies, in addition to an autonymic nothosubspecies, are recognized within Rosa Xengelmannit S. Watson. These nothotaxa are presented in alphabetical order; in Table 1 they are listed alphabetically according to their parental species.
1. Rosa Xatlantica W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. [Rosa carolina L. X Rosa palustris Marshall]. TYPE: U.S.A. Pennsylvania: Northampton Co., Island Park, above Easton, 18 July 1899, T. C. Porter s.n. (holotype, PH).
Haec sea ar inter mae Rosam pame L. et R. palustrem Marshall inter sed ac i suffrutescente caulibus debilibus, ab ila foliolis nee firmiusculis subtiliter serrulatis atque aculeis curvatis falcatisve distinguitur.
Rosa Xatlantica resembles R. palustris with its narrow, rather firm, finely serrulate leaflets and curved to falcate prickles; the prickles are more slender or sometimes absent, and the flowers are usually solitary. The plant habit is like that of R. carolina subsp. carolina, often scattered subshrubs with weak stems, while R. palustris forms shrubby thickets.
Vernacular name. Atlantic rose.
Rosa Xatlantica is found in Penn- There is shared
distribution of both parental taxa in New Brunswick,
Distribution. sylvania in the United States.
Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec in Canada, and in Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Flori- da, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mis- sissippl, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey,
New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont,
Virginia, West Virginia, Washington, D.C., and Wisconsin. Discussion. Rosa Xatlantica is a rare nothospe-
cies known only in Pennsylvania and nearby waterways along the Atlantic coast. The hybrid was briefly described by P. A. Rydberg (1918), who noted further distributions in New Jersey. No material from the latter two states was seen
for this study.
Hampshire and New
Pollen fertility. Rosa palustris, n = 7, X Rosa carolina, n = 14: highly sterile Fl (Erlanson, 1934).
2. Rosa Xcanadensis W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. [Rosa acicularis Lindl. * Rosa woodsii Lindl. |]. TYPE: Canada. Saskatchewan: Mile 53.5, Hwy. 102 (La Ronge—Southend Rd.), Otter rapids area, Churchill River, 7 Aug. 1975, V. L. Harms 22748 (SASK). Figure 4.
_Haec nothospecies inter _ parenle> Rosam acicularem
pallide brunneo, lamina foliari majore 20-60 mm marginibus latis uni- vel bidentato-serratis, marjoribus auriculis patentibus erectisve, corymbi
ad 3-floris, floribus majoribus atque sepalis elongatis patentibus erectisve; ab illa caulium aculeis plerumque nullis interdum binatis apicem versus nullis atque perianthiis fructiferis parvis globosis exaculeatis glandu- lis stipitatis angustis rectis solitariis binatisve munitis distinguitur
Rosa Xcanadensis resembles R. acicularis in having pale brown bark, larger leaf blades 20-60 mm with broad leaf margins, 1- to 2-dentate-serrate with larger stipules, auricles flared or erect, numer- ous glabrous teeth, corymbs 1- to 3-flowered, larger flowers with entire margins somewhat pubescent, elongated sepals spreading or upright with oldest hips forming groups of upright beak-capped sepals. Like R. woodsti its stems are mostly without prickles but prickles when present are typically paired, none toward the axes, few are infrastipular without acicula; some sepals are spreading and round, and the hips are small and lacking prickles with only narrow straight paired/single stipitate glands. Hypanthia with a neck occur in both parental species; in this nothospecies the hypanthia are variable in length and urceolate.
Vernacular name. Canada or Canadian rose. The nothospecies is most common in central Canada.
28 Novon Table 1. New nothotaxa arranged in order of parental lineage. Parental lineage Nothotaxon name Rosa acicularis Lindl. X R. arkansana Porter Rosa Xharmsiana W. H. Lewis
Rosa acicularis Lindl. X R. blanda Aiton
Rosa acicularis Lindl. subsp. sayi (Schwein.) W. H. Lewis x R. nutkana C. Presl subsp. macdougalii (Holz.) Piper
Rosa acicularis Lindl. subsp. sayi (Schwein.) W. H. Lewis
x R. nutkana C. Presl. subsp. melina (Greene) W. H.
Lewis & B. Ertter
Rosa acicularis Lindl. subsp. sayi (Schwein.) W. H. Lewis x utkana C. Presl. subsp. nutkana
Rosa acicularis Lindl. X R. woodsii Lindl.
Rosa arkansana Porter X R. woodsii Lindl.
Rosa blanda Aiton X R. carolina L.
Rosa blanda Aiton X R. nitida Willd.
Rosa blanda Aiton X
Rosa carolina L. X R. nitida Willd.
R. virginiana Mill.
Rosa carolina L. X R. palustris Marshall Rosa carolina L. X R. rugosa Thunb. Rosa nitida Willd. X R. virginiana Mill.
Rosa nutkana C. Presl. X R. pisocarpa A. Gray
Rosa Xper-axeliana W. H. Lewis Rosa ees >: Watson nothosubsp. britannicae- e W. H.L
columbia
Rosa Xengelmannii S. Watson nothosubsp. engelmannii
Rosa Xengelmannii 5. Watson nothosubsp. occidentalis W. H. Lewis
Xcanadensis W. H. Lewis Rosa Xoldhamii W. H. Lewis Rosa Xgilmaniana W. H. Lewis Rosa Xchurchilli W. #H. Lewis Rosa Xhainesii W. H. Lew
Rosa Xfe vaildionim W. a. tase Rosa Xatlantica W. H. Lewis Rosa Xmassiana W. H. Lewis Xhodgdoniu W. H. Lewis
Rosa Xvictoriana W. H. Lewis
Distribution. Rosa Xcanadensis is found in Alberta, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, and Sas- katchewan in Canada, and in Colorado, Minnesota, and Montana in the United States. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Saskatchewan, and Yukon in Canada, and in Alaska, Colorado, Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming in the United States
Discussion. This nothotaxon is published as a nothospecies, with identity of the parents specified only
only to the species level. However,
acicularis subsp. sayi (Schwein.) W. H. Lewis and R. woodsii subsp. woodsu occur in the range where it
is generally found.
Pollen fertility. Rosa woodstt, n = 7, X Rosa acicularis, n = 21: semi-fertile F1 (Erlanson, 1934).
Paratypes. CANADA. Alberta: Atikameg, Little Uti- kuma Lake, 8 July 1968, M. G. Dumais & K. Anderson 3234 (ALTA); Peace-Athabasca Delta, Revillon Coupé; 28 June 1970; Doherty 193 (ALTA); Fort Saskatchewan, 18 ne, 1939, G. H. Turner 1558 (ALTA); near Evansburg, jct. of Hwys. 16 & 16A, 24 June 1971, W. H. Lewis 7754 (MO); 5 mi. NW of Gane Prairie, 18 June 1971, J. D. Shorthouse 1B (MO); 12.5 mi. E of Fort Saskatchewan, W of Elk Island Natl. Park, 20 June 1971, W. H. Lewis 7744 (MO); Jasper Lake, Jasper Natl. Park, 6 July 1976, D. D. Sharp A382 (ALTA); Acheson, 4-5
mi. W of Hwy. 60, S of Hwy. 16, 24 June 1971, J. A.
Whyte & W. H. Lewis s.n. (ALTA); 2 mi. NE of Fort Saskatchewan, 1 Aug. 1939, G. H. Turner 1421 (ALTA); N. Saskatchewan River, by Univ. of Alberta campus, 6 July 1982, G. Donkersgoed 2 (ALTA); Snake Indian River Canyon, 18 July 1965, P. W. Stringer 8.n. (ALTA); Head- smashed-in Buffalo Jump, main gully facing E, 10 Au 1982, J. Campbell-Snelling & M. Chambers 11185 (ALTA, LFA): Windy Point Ridge, W of Hwy. 11, Abraham Lake, 14 Aug. 2007, D. M. Fabyan 2803 (ALTA). Manitoba: 14.7 mi. S of Carberry, 4 Aug. 1968, J. R. & D. L. Dugle 4096 (MMMN); Pinawa, 13 June 1969, B. Ziola Z-72 (MMMN), 28 June 1969, B. Ziola Z-144 (DUL, MMMN), A July 1969, W. N. Chunys 2407 (MMMN). Northwest Territories: Lower Hay River, 15 July 1951, W. A. Lewis (MO); 16 July 1951, W. H. Lewis 1211 (MO). Saskatchewan: 2 mi. N eae Lake resort, Pepaw River, 26 June 1930, V. L. Harms, D. F Hopper & H. Baker 28451 (SASK); Antelope, 3 ane 1968, J. Looman 11667 (MO, SASK); Saskatchewan, Cluff Lake, 15 June
77, V. L. Harms 23857 (SASK); Candle Lake at Sandy Bay, 23 Aug. 1979, V. L. Harms 27554B (DAO, cae Dore Lake, 5 Aug. 1966, H. W. aa 65 (SASK); 3 mi. E of Langham, 25 June 1973, J. D. Shorthouse 9A (MO, SASK); Lipton, 22 June 1911, J. W. Lelokey 1925 (MO); Meadow Lake Prov. Park, W Greig Lake, 8 July 1973, V. L. Harms 20315 (SASK); Moose Mt. provincial Park, 14 mi. N of Carlyle, 2 mi. W of Kenosee Lake, 23 June 1973, V. L. Harms 19931 (DAO, SASK); 9 mi. N of Margo, anichigs 6 4, 28 June 1969, B. Ziola Z-142 (MMMN); Prince Albert Natl. Park, trail to Johnasson’s Flats, 20 Aug. 2002, V. L. Haris 44159 (MO, SASK
.A. Colorado: Larimer Co., Poudre Canyon, 17
June 1965, C. B. Davis 367 (CSU, MO); 3.1 mi. W jet US 287 0 “14. 29 June 1982. J Ricketson 104 (CSU, MO); Insmont, a 1915, W. E. Ligget s.n. (MO). Minnesota: Winona Co., Sitea,
Volume 25, Number 1 Lewis
29 2016
Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
8 9 10 copyright reserved
7
eS
Type: ype:
Rosa x Canadensis W. H. L
(R. dcioularis x R. woodsii yp anette Det. by Lewis, W. (MO) 20
Missouri Botanical Scien, (MO)
This mey$e> ANNOTATION LABEL ROSA ACICULARIS Lindl. X R, WOODSII Lindl. Det. by V.L. Harms May, 1! The W.P. Fraser Herbarium, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon aon FLORA OF SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA ndl.
ROSA oe ACICULARIS Li
Mile 53.5; Hwy 102 aan Ronge — ids area on Churchill
River
55° 39° N; 104° 44" W
Tall Populus tremuloides forest
with some admixed Picea glauca
August 7, 1975
SRNON L, HARMS = #22748
EPACED HEDRADPTIIM TINTVEDSITY OF CACWATOCHEWAN SACK ATOON
Figure 4. Rosa Xcanadensis W. H. Lewis. Holotype, V. L. Harms 22748 (SASK).
Mississippi River, 13 June 1975, S. D. Swanson 480 3, Rosa Xchurchillii W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. (MO). Montana: Gallatin Co., ca. 12 mi. NE of Bozeman, [Rosa blanda Aiton X Rosa nitida Willd.]. Bridger Mtns., 18 July 1945, C. L. Hitchcock & C. V. TYPE: U.S.A. Massachusetts: Franklin Co., Muhlick 12467 (MO); Judith Basin Co., South Judith Deerfield 13 June 1888, J. R. Churchill 196 River, 1 Sep. 1896, J. H. Flodman 613 (NY). (holotype, MO). Figure 5.
Novon
ae UI
6 ri 8 3, tu se fans BOTANICAL copyright reserved GARDEN
| v
(Joseph R. Churchill 496)
ROSACEAE [126] Rosa * churchill)ii W.H. Lewis
det. W. H. Lewis (MO), 2015
Rosa x churchillii W. H. Lewis R. blanda Ait x 7 nitida Wild, Det. by Lewis, V V. (MO) 2015 Missouri Botanical Garden (MO)
[J. R. Churchill 496]
HERBARIUM OF J. R. CHURCHILI
: _ ROSAC ” Rosa ‘blanda Aiton ‘ : ;: See 20 Rhodora p. 91-94 (1918) Rosa blas rt Pie Chit. MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN HERBARIUM (MO) Vv a Dee rf e l al, L4Lass
i366 . | June 13, Mee 8. eat ake
Figure 5. Rosa Xchurchillit W. H. Lewis. Holotype, J. R. Churchill 496 (MO).
ec nothospecies parentibus Rosae blandae Aiton et R. internodal prickles commonly found on distal
sie Wi similis, sed ab ambabus statura intermedia branches, but like R. blanda, these are rare or absent on lower stems that are thin, indent, and smaller in
size. Also like R. nitida are its stipules (12 X 3 mm),
Rosa Xchurchillii is similar to R. nitida in having auricles (2.5-4 mm) with tip flared and eglandular,
dark brown bark and openly branched stems,
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Lewis 31 Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
leaf teeth 13 to 15 per side and sometimes gland- lipped, corymbs | to 3, eglandular bracts 10-17 X 4— 7 mm and styles 0.5 mm beyond stylar orifice. It resembles R. blanda in lacking infrastipular prickles, petioles and rachis lacking pricklets but sometimes having pubescent glands, leaf blades that are elliptic to ovate, short pedicels (9-12 mm) with few stipitate glands, a 3-mm neck, sepals eglandular with some beak-capped. Intermediate between its 2 parents or smaller in size are its leaflets (1.5-2.5 em X 1.5-1 cm, margins ]-serrate, apex acute), leaflets (6 to 7, terminal), flowers (2.5—5 cm) and petals (15 10-20 mm). Like both its parents it has pink to rose petals and globose fruit.
Etymology. Rosa Xchurchillii is named for Jo- seph R. Churchill, an attorney and botanist who was a prodigious collector of Rosa in eastern North America
during the 19th century. Vernacular name. Churchill’s rose.
Rosa Xchurchillii is found in Que- ec in Canada, and in Illinois,
Distribution. Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, and Vermont in the United States. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec in Canada, and Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont
Discussion. Rosa Xchurchillii occurs in coastal,
environmental pressure on Monhegan Island and other coastal areas widely invaded by introduced species, such as the barberry, that are greatly restricting and destroying native vegetation (Bangor Daily News, 2003). Its possible hybrid status was recognized by Fernald (1918).
Paratypes. CANADA. Quebec: Muntane Co., i. 5 of
Mont Joli, edge of woods, stems up to 1.5 m aa i June 1955, W. H. Lewis 2469 (MO). i Jensen s.n. (MO). Co., Madison Dias Millers, dry , L. M. Umbac MO). Maine: = Monlieesn Island, 16 a. 1921 & 26 Aug. 1921, J. R. Churchill s.n. (MO); Hancock Co., Cranberry Isles, swamp, 21 Aug. 1888, E. L. Rand 8665 (MO); Seal Harbor above Long Pond, 11 Sep. 1888, J. H. Redfield 14105 (MO); Piscataquis Co., Dover, [unknown date], M. L. Fernald 234 (GH). Massachusetts: Franklin Co., Deerfield, > June 1965, R. M. Poland (MO). Vermont: Orleans Co., Willoughby Mountain, 25 Aug. 1886, J. R. Churchill s.n. (MO).
4. Rosa Xengelmannii 5. Watson in Gard. & Forest 2: 376, fig. 121. 1889 (pro sp.) [Rosa acicularis
Lindl. X Rosa nutkana C. Presl]. TYPE: U.S.A. Cultivated from seed collected by Engelmann above Empire, Colorado, Sargent s.n. (lectotype, designated by Rydberg [1918: 507] GH).
Discussion. Rosa engelmanniit was named by Sereno Watson to honor George J. Engelmann, 1809-1884, German/American botanist, physician, and meteorologist who is greatly admired for his contributions to the Missouri Botanical Garden. Erlanson (1929) proposed that R. engelmannii was likely to be a hybrid between R. acicularis and R. nutkana, and later (Erlanson, 1934) formally treated it as a hybrid. It is relatively common, occurring in the western range of R. acicularis subsp. sayi from Alaska to Colorado (Lewis, 1959b) and to British Columbia (Hultén, 1968). The three nothosubspecies hereby established allow the recognition of the hybrids derived from R. acicularis subsp. sayi (the only subspecies present in most of North America, though at least one collection of the usually Eurasian subspecies acicularis is known from Alaska [Lewis, 1959b))
nutkana.
and three different subspecies of R.
Pollen fertility. Rosa acicularis, n = 21, X Rosa nutkana, n = 21: highly fertile Fl (Erlanson, 1934).
4a. Rosa Xengelmannii S. Watson nothosubsp. engelmannii | Rosa acicularis Lindl. subsp. sayi (Schwein.) W. H. Lewis X Rosa nutkana C. Presl subsp. melina (Greene) W. H. Lewis & Ertter].
Stems densely acicular at base as in Rosa acicularis and sometimes extending upward; some infrastipular prickles present as in R. nutkana subsp. melina; hypanthium with distinct neck; sepals occasionally upright, stipitate glandular with entire margins.
Vernacular name. Engelmann’s rose.
Distributions known. Rosa Xengelmannii notho- subsp. engelmannii is found in Colorado, Michigan, Montana, New Mexico, South Dakota, and Wyoming in the United States. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in Colorado and Wyoming.
Representative specimens. U.S.A. Colorado: Chaffee Co., W.S. Marshall Pass, 20 Aug. 1901, C. F. Baker 1901 (MO); Fremont Co., Lake Creek, 4 mi. W of hill side, 5500 ft., 12 July 1925, E. W. Erlanson 1518 (MICH, MO); Gilpin Co., Roosevelt Natl. Forest, W of Rollinsville, 25 Aug. 2005, R. M. Kin R. M. Garvey 14023 (MO); Rocky Mtn., Estes
ark Co., Larimer, 3 July 1912, J. R. Churchill s.n. (MO); headwaters of Clear Creek, 1861, C. C. Parry s.n. (MO; ref. Lewis, 2012); Larimer Co., 3 air mi. W of Fort Collins, 3
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Aug. 2001, S. Nunn 4427 (RM); Quigley, 7 Apr. 1965, C. B. Davis s.n. (MO). genie Washtenaw Co., Ann Arbor, 8 Sep. 1966, s 2529 (MICH, MO). Flathead Co., Flathead ae & vic., Swan Lake, 25 Aug. 1908, Mrs. i; Clemens s.n. (PH); Missoula Co., 5 mi. N of Missoula, along Rattlesnake Creek, 18 June Lewis 6763 (DAO, MO, UC). ; Santa Fe, 6 Aug. 1910, E. O. Wooton s.n. (US). South Dakota: Black Hills Co., Rydberg 676 (K). Wyoming: A July 1922, 8500 ft., C. A . 0. lanson 3 (MO); Carbon Co., Medicine Bow Mtns., 1923, B. B. Kanouse 3722 (MICH, MO).
4b. Rosa Xengelmannii S. Watson nothosubsp.
britannicae-columbiae H. Lewis, notho- subsp. nov. [Rosa acicularis Lindl. subsp. sayi (Schwein.) W. H. Lewis X Rosa nutkana C. Presl subsp. macdougalii (Holz.) Piper]. TYPE: Canada. British Columbia: West Kettle River Valley, Rock Creek, 19 Aug. 1953, V. J. Krajina s.n. (holotype, UBC [V79643]; isotype, UBC [V79644]). Figure 6.
Haec nothosubspecies inter parentes Rosam acicularem Lindl. subsp. sayi (Schwein.) W. H. Lewis et R. nutkhanam C. Presl subsp. macdougali (Holz.) Piper intermedia, sed a hac foliolis terminalibus marginibus dentato-serratis atque sepalis erectis conniventibus hypanthii fructiferi ad apicem rostrum scents ab illa caulibus aculeis infrastipula- ribus paucis remotis armatis atque foliolis interdum acute serratis fede ur,
Stems armed with few scattered infrastipular prickles without aciculae, some leaflets with sharply serrate margins as in Rosa nutkana subsp. macdou- galu; sepals clasping and upright to form groups (beak caps) on urceolate hips, terminal leaflet margins dentate-serrate as in R. acicularis subsp. sayl.
Etymology. Rosa Xengelmannii subsp. britanni- cae-columbiae is named for the province of British Columbia, where my early Rosa education at the University of British Columbia led to my lifetime study of Rosa in North America.
Vernacular name. British Columbia rose.
Distribution. Rosa Xengelmannit subsp. britan- nicae-columbiae is found in British Columbia in Canada, and in Montana and Washington in the United States (Rydberg, 1918; Hultén, 1968). There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in British Columbia in Canada, and in Colorado, Montana, and Wyoming in the United States.
Paratypes. CANADA. British Columbia: Barkerville,
7 Aug. 1954, J. A. Calder et al. 14210 (DAO, UBC); Burns Lake, 6 Sep. 1951, W. H. Lewis 1266 (MO, UBC);
Cinema, 18 June 1952, T. M. C. Taylor & W. H. Lewis 230 (MO, UBC); Faglet Lake, 20 June 1952, T. M. C. Taylor & W. H. Lewis 233 (MO, UBC); Kinbasket Lake, 17 Aug. 1953, A. Calder & D. B. O. Savile 11967 (DAO, UBC); Prince George, 8 Sep. 1951, W. H. Lewis 1272 (MO); Thompson—Okanogan, Pavlick, 14 Sep. 1989, E. Leon 89-266 (UBC, V); 5 mi. E of Perow, 23 June 1952, T. M. C. Taylor & W. H. Lewis 248 (MO, UBC); Vanderhoof, 2 July 1954, J. A. Calder et al. 12343 (DAO, UBC); Windermere, 12 mi. NE, 9 July 1958, R. L. Taylor & D. H. Ferguson 2590 (DAO, UBC); about 2 mi. S$ of Avola on Hwy. 5, 25 June 1971, W. H. Lewis 7761 MO).
U.S.A. Montana: Flathead Co., Flathead Lake, 18 July 1908, Mrs. J. Clemens s.n. (GM, MONT); Lewis & Clark Co., Helena, 28 July 1908, B. T. Butler 819 (NY, UBC); Saunders Co., Hot Springs, 24 June 1956, W. E. Booth 56641 (GH); 24 July 1956, W. E. Booth s.n. (GH),
Washington: Spokane Co., Spokane, 13 July 1930, E. J. Palmer 37840 (MO).
4c. Rosa Xengelmannii S. Watson nothosubsp.
occidentalis W. H. Lewis, nothosubsp. nov.
[Rosa acicularis Lindl. subsp. sayi (Schwein.)
s X Rosa nutkana C. Presl. subsp.
mal "TYPE: Canada. British Columbia:
Lake Okanogan, Naramata, ca. 1915, J. K. Henry s.n. (holotype, UBC).
Haec nothosubspecies inter parentes Rosam acicularem W. H. Lewis et R. nutkanam m phe sed a hac aculeis brevioribus, foliolis uniserratis atque hypanthio in collum desinente, ab illa aculeis eae praesentibus distinguitur.
Stems densely aciculate, often to apex, elongate; infrastipular prickles present as in Rosa nutkana subsp. nutkana; hypanthia ellipsoid with necks; leaves typical of R. acicularis subsp. sayi. Considered more toward R. acicularis.
Vernacular name. Western rose.
Distribution. Rosa Xengelmannii nothosubsp. occidentalis is found in British Columbia in Canada, and in Alaska and Montana in the United States. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in British Columbia and Northwest Territories in Canada, and in Alaska in the United
States.
Paratypes. U.S.A. Alaska: municipality of Anchorage, 17 air mi. SE of “The Grotto,” 23 Aug. 2014, B. Ertter 221162 & V. Pratt (ALA, MO). Montana: Missoula Co., Rattlesnake Bottoms, 7 Aug. 2012, J. E. Kirkwood 11 79 (MO, MONT).
d. Rosa Xfernaldiorum W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov.
[Rosa carolina L. X Rosa nitida Willd.]. TYPE:
Volume 25, Number 1 Lewis 33 2016 Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
, ee |
SSS ' & UBC Herbarium
eee Rosa x br Nes oe ouewiover A. We
jot Be
Rosa <britannicae-columbiae WH. Lewis (R. acicularis Sp. sayix R pinta ve macdougalti) det. W.H, Lewis (MO), 2010
FLORA OF
Name Hos a ores; LITT
Hock é PeCK = eel WEST. Ae HE Fiver #2 ey "Oe Al FLORA OF B.C.
Rosa Woodsii Lindl.
Habitat ea ia ) ; shrub; vine; herb spade pieceters ’ ? : Locality west rus River Valley Lat. 49° "M Long. 119 ° O5 "Ww. Coll. Ve ny "yin na Alt. 2000!
N4 i
rag Date Aug. 29, 1953 No. | | Det. Eis Date 1959 as
Coll, ¥e# KRAJINA No.
te wt. <” LIS = Figure 6. Rosa Xengelmanniu S. Watson nothosubsp. britannicae-columbiae W. H. Lewis. Holotype, Krajina s.n. (UBC).
U.S.A. Maine: Piscataquis Co., Foxcroft, 1896, crassioribus, ab illa florum forma magnitudineque dis- G. B. Fernald s.n. (holotype, GH). tinguitur.
Haec nothospecies inter parentes Rosam carolinam L. et Stems with mix of densely setigerous prickles
R. nitidam Willd. intermedia, sed a hac aculeis stipularibis typical of Rosa nitida, with floral branches having
Novon
paired, stout infrastipular prickles typical of R. carolina, rarely calcite. Leaf blades narrowly elliptic, margins l-serrate (as in R. nitida) or 2-serrate (as in R. carolina). Stipules of R. carolina. Floral branches have fine prickles, and the stipules are very stout. l lo 3. Pedicels are erect, stipitate glandular to 25 mm.
Inflorescences are commonly multifarious, Flowers to 5.5 cm diam., hypanthium densely slipilate glandular, globose, no neck (R. nitida). Hips hypanthium
globose, densely stipitate glandular,
globose-ovoid, sparsely stipitate glandular, small
neck 0.5—2 mm; sepals reflexed, mostly eglandular.
Etymology. Rosa Xfernaldiorum honors the em- inent Fernalds who contributed greatly to the a of the flora and fauna of northeastern
America, and most particularly the collector of ie type, George Bancroft Ferna
Vernacular name. Fernald’s rose. Distribution. in the
Rosa Xfernaldiorum is found in United States. There is shared Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Prince Edward Island in Canada, and in Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont in the United States.
Discussion. Rosa Xfernaldiorum is an outstand- ing hybrid exhibiting vegetative characteristics of both parents; flowers resemble R. nitida. Francois Crépin, a Belgian rhodologist who contributed greatly to the early understanding of Rosa in North America (Crépin 1896), hybridization of R. carolina X R. nitida (Crépin, 1900)
was the first author to report
Paratype. U.S.A. Maine: Hancock Co., Hadlock Pond, Mt. Desert Island, 1 Sep. 1988, J. H. Redfield 2665 (MO).
6. Rosa Xgilmaniana W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. [Rosa blanda Aiton X Rosa carolina L.]|. TYPE: U rmont: Addison Co., Button Island, Ferrisburg, 26 June 1981, P. F. Zika 3778 (holotype, VT).
Haec nothospecies inter parentes Rosa blandam Aiton et R. carolinam L. intermedia, sed a hac foliolis marginibus subserralis usque uniserattis abaxialiter hebetates sublus- ee atque anthio fructifero plerumque globoso aoa vel parce stipitato-glanduloso; ab illa ae 17-25 mm longis distinguitur.
Stems with scattered infrastipular prickles, rarely internodal or aciculi. Leaves 5—9 cm; leaflet margins
subserrate to I-serrate, abaxial surfaces dull to
somewhat lustrous. Pedicels erect, 5-20 mm, with few long-stipitate glands or none; flowers with hypanthia oval or globose, with few long-stipitate glands or none; sepals lanceolate to ovate lanceolate, deciduous; petals 17-25 mm in Rosa carolina; hips mostly globose, eglandular or sparsely stipitate
glandular as in R. blanda.
Etymology. Rosa Xgilmaniana is named _ for Arthur V. Gilman, author of Flora of Vermont and distinguished collector of Rosa and other taxa in Vermont and New England, with many collections provided to
Vernacular name. Gilman’s rose.
Distribution. Rosa Xgilmaniana is found in Ontario in Canada, and in Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont, and Wisconsin. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec in Canada, and in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin in the United States.
Pollen fertility. Rosa blanda, n = 7 X Rosa carolina, n = 14: highly sterile F1 (Erlanson, 1934).
Paratypes. CANADA. Ontario: Essex Co., Lake Erie, Pelee Island, W Alvar, East-West Rd. at Stone Rd., 25 June 2006, M. J. Oldham 32869 (MO); Essex Co., Pelee Island, Krestel Property (now Nature Conservancy of Canada), N side of East-West Rd. at Stone R 2010, M. J. Oldham & S. R. Brinker 37381 (MO).
U.S.A. Maine: Piscataquis Co., Dover, Piscataquis River valley, 26 June 1895, M. L. Bermald 234A (GH); 7 Aug 1894, M. L. Fernald 234B (GH); Knox Co., Camden, Mt. Megunticook, 13 Aug. 1913, A. H. Norton 9314 (NHA). Massachusetts: Berkshire Co., Lanesboro, 18 July 1917, J. . Churchill s.n. (MO); Bristol Co., Dighton, 21 June 1961,
C. Seymour 19239 (MO). Michigan: eae Co., ere 18 Aug. 2004, W. H. ae & M. P. F. Elvin- Leis 15887 (MO); Washtenaw Co., Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Botanical Garden, 8 ae 1955, E. W. Erlanson 13361 (MICH, w Hampshire: Cheshire Co., Walpole by Connecticut River, W slope of Fall Mtn., 30 July 1900, H. M. No gi s & M. L. Fernald 347 (VT). New York: Tompkins Co., Ithaca, 8 Sep. 1955, E. W. Erlanson 2949 (MICH, MO). Vermont: Addison Co., Button Point, Lake Champlain, 24 June 1983, le 7165 (VT); Chittenden Co., Colchester, above Wingo River betw. Twin Bridges & Hich Bridge, 29 June 1983, P. F. Zika 7308 (VT); .. Fairlee palisades, 8 July 1927, M. E. Mathias 141 (MO). Wisconsin: La Crosse Co., Dutch Creek, 2 June 1894, J. H. Schuette (US).
7. Rosa Xhainesii W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. [Rosa blanda Aiton X Rosa virginiana Mill.|. TYPE:
Volume 25, Number 1 Lew
is
35
016 Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
(Walter H. Lewis & A. Haines 21136)
ROSACEAE Rosa x hainesii W.H. Lewis
det. Walter H. Lewis (MO),
[126]
2015
MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN HERBARIUM
MTN N® 6080729
UNITED STATES ROSACEAE Rosa virginiana ? Mill.
det. W. H. Lewis (MO), 2008 Maine: Somerset County
By ee Kennebec River at Great
Eddy, 12 m NW upstream of #21135,
grow ing in ca ee rocky shale. 44°46'17"N 069°42'13 160 ft
aber in deep shh alders and
birches, rhizomato to 0.75 m tall; all hips aborting, wae ee in
calcareous rocky shale (living material
collected).
13 July 2008 W.H. Lewis & A. Haines 21136 MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN HERBARIUM (MO)
Figure 7. Rosa Xhainesit W. H. Lewis. Holotype, W. H. Lewis & A. Haines 21136 (MO).
U.S.A. Maine: Somerset Co., by Skowhegan, Haec nothospecies inter parentes Rosa blandam Aiton et Kennebec River at Great Eddy, 13 July 2008, R. virginianam Mill. intermedia, sed a hac hypanthiis
W. H. Lewis & A. Haines 21136 (holotype, MO). — glandulis stipitatis paucis vel nullis,
Figure 7. longioribus lanceolatis distinguitur.
ab illa sepalis
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Upper branches of stem without prickles or with very few aciculi; leaf blades broadly ovate, leaflets glabrous; hypanthia with stipitate glands few or lacking as in Rosa blanda; stipules with few or lacking stipitate glands; some sepals pinnatifid, majorily entire. Sepals long, lanceolate as in R
virginiana.
Etymology. Rosa Xhainesit is named for Arthur Haines, author of Flora Novae Angliae (2011), a brilliant botanical book covering New England and eastern North America.
Vernacular name. Haines’ rose.
Distribution. Rosa Xhainesti is found in Nova Scotia and Ontario in Canada, and in Maine, Massachusetts, New York, and New Hampshire in the United States. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec in Canada, and in Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, ee and Rhode Island in the United State
Pollen fertility. Rosa blanda, n = 7, X Rosa
virginiana, n = 14: highly sterile F1 (Erlanson,
Paratypes. CANADA. Nova Scotia: Cape Breton, Aspy Bay, Mountain Rd., 28 July 1909, J. R. Churchill s.n. (MO Ontario: Co. Essex, Pelee Island, Stone Rd. Alvar, 25 June 2006, M. J. Oldham 32860 (MO, personal herbarium of M. J. Oldham [MJ nh Point Abino, Lake Erie, 28 Aug. 1896, J. K. Small s.n
U.S.A. Anes Aroostook Co., Caribou, shore of Aroos- took River near May Rd., 3 July 2003, A. V. Gilman 03021 (MO, VT); Penobscot ov Bradley, N of Government Rd., Blackman Stream, 5 Sep. 2003, A. V. Gilman 03106 (MO): Pisataquis Co., Orono, Bangor bog, G. B. Fernald 2958 (GH); Piscataquis Co., Foxeraft, M. L. F ernald 161 (GH); Dover, 26 July 1894 (fl, & 7 Aug. 1895 (fr.), M. L. Fernald 234 (MO); Sagadahoc Co.,
Larone Rd., 25 July 200 H. Coburn s.n.
Sagadahac Co., Bowdoinham, jct. Cathance River & Rte.
24, 12 July 2008, W. H. Lewis & A. Haines 21129 (MO).
Massachusetts: Bristol Co., Dighton, along aoe (
Hampshire: Coos Co., 35339 (GH); Pike pond, A. S. Pease 23778 (GH); borough Co., Peterborough, 3 Sep. 1927, C. F. Batcheler s.n. (MO); Cheshire Co., Walpole, Connecticut River, 4 Sep. 1887, J. R. Churchill s.n. (MO). New York: Onondaga Co., Green Lakes State Park, 2 July 1954, W. H. Lewis 2180 (MO).
8. Rosa Xharmsiana W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. [Rosa acicularis Lindl. X Rosa arkansana
Porter]. TYPE: Canada. Ontario: Elgin Co.,
West Lorne Woods, Kerr Rd. at abandoned railway tracks (probably via railway), lat: 42.58517554, 442628 flowering, small p Oldham & S. R. Brinker 37367 iiclotene. MO; isotype, DAO). Figure 8.
Haec nothospecies inter parentes Rosam acicularem Lindl. et R. arkansanam Porter intermedia, sed a hac hypanthio oblongoideo in collum desinente, ab illa inflorescentia 8-flora distinguitur.
Leaflets to 9; sepals glandular; hypanthia oblong with neck as in Rosa acicularis, infl 8- flowered as in R. arkansana.
Etymology. Rosa Xharmsiana is dedicated to Dr.
L. Harms, professor emeritus, University of Suite ewan and former director of the Fraser Herbarium. His deep interest in Rosa of the Canadian prairies, particularly Saskatchewan, is clearly illus- trated by his paper (Harms, 1974)
Vernacular name. Harms’ rose.
Distribution. Rosa Xharmsiana is found in Al- berta, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Ontario, and Saskatchewan in Canada, and in Minnesota in the United States. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, and Saskatchewan, Canada, and in Colorado, Iowa, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, Wisconsin, and Wyoming in the United States.
Discussion. A plant resembling Rosa Xharmsiana was photographed by Thomas Dewlen in June 2013 near Medaryville in Pulaski Co., Indiana. The plant “having 5-9 leaflets; deeper pink flowers somewhat
was described as follows: mostly seven, cupped, born singly, or in pairs with hips long and narrow unlike other Rosa nearby, sepals very long and narrow, thorns straight with some bristles with a few on the back of leaves and a less pungent fragrance.” was discovered growing on the roadside at the edge of dry prairie remnant in sandy environment near marsh among other wild rose species, and might have been introduced through waterways from the North. The description fits that of this nothospecies, and the plant is considered a possible hybrid, but because of subsequent herbi- cide use no voucher or living specimen could be obtained retrospectively.
Pollen fertility. Rosa arkansana, n= 14, X Rosa acicularis, n = 21: semi-fertile F1 (Erlanson, 1934).
Volume 25, Number 1
Lewis 3/ 2016
Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
UMA N® 6317867
———_ a a ~ | i
PO el
Missouri Botanical Garden (MO) Plants of Ontario, Canada
Rosa arkansana Porter Racca art
det. W. H. oe (MO). 2011 ne unty: ELGIN nshi p: <3 i est Lorne Woods; Kerr Road at shine A ia tracks
Latitude: 42.58517554 Longitude: -81.64426262 Acc. (+/-): 10m edge of ditch at Kerr Road on riot side of eee railway patch (probably introduced via railway)
flowering; small patch
MAT cy
. Coll. No.: 37367 Coll. Date: June 15, 2010 Det: M.J. Oldham 2010 DUPES: MO, mio, +1
ROSACEAE
Figure 8. Rosa Xharmsiana W. H. Lewis. Holotype, M. J. Oldham & S. R. Brinker 37381 (MO).
Paratypes. CANADA. Alberta: 4 mi. W Banff Natl. Park, 1 Aug. 1956, F. J. Hermann 13249 (MO); Edmonton, 7 Bae ewan River, 17 July 1984, J. Meldrum 21
TA); S Porcupine Hills, roadside, 12 Aug. 1982, J. ee -Snelling & M. Chambers 1163 (ALTA). Man- itoba: near Bike an 12 July 2000, M. J. Oldham 24166
(DFB, MICH, MO); 20 mi. NE of Winnipeg, Sandilands Forest Reserve, 14 July 1949, A. J. cae 7921 (MO). Saskatchewan: Edmonton, Prairie Point, above N katchewan River, 17 July 1984, J. Meldrum 21 ALT A); 5 Porcupine Hills, 12 Aug. 1982, i; Kuijt, Campbell-Snelling & M. Chambers 1163 (ALTA, LEA); vic. of Lloydminster,
Sas-
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26. Aug. 1953, W. H. Lewis 1562 (MO); SW of Saskatoon, Pike Lake Prov. Park, 28 July 1973, J. D. Shorthouse 11A (SASK), S Saskatoon, Cranberry Flats, above Saskatchewan River, 10 Oct. 2006, W. H. Lewis & M. Elvin-Lewis 21049 (MO), and material from that collection propagated in Missouri, 29 May 2008, W. H. Lewis 21183 (MO).
U.S.A. Minnesota: Sherburne Co., Elk River, 15 July 1886, L. H. Bailey Jr. s.n. (MO).
9. Rosa Xhodgdonii W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. [Rosa nitida Willd. X Rosa virginiana Mill.]. TYPE: Canada. New Brunswick: Charlotte Co., Pennfield Parish, East Wolf Island, 18 June 1961, A. R. Hodgdon & R. B. Pike 18021 (holotype, NHA).
Rosa tas f. spinosa W. H. Lewis, syn. nov. TYPE: U.S.A.
e: Franklin Co., Pease Pond, East Wilton, a 2 Valley, 11 we 1894, M. L. Fernald s (holotype, GH).
ec nothospecies inter parentes Rosa nitidam Willd. et R. virginianam Mill. intermedia, sed a hac pedicellis ad apicem hypanthiis sicut sepalisque glandulis stipitatis longis dense vestitis, ab illa aculeis saepe curvatis distinguitur.
Stems with short infrastipular and internodal prickles together with longer, thicker, and enlarged prickles at the base densely mixed with aciculi, prickles often curved as those in Rosa virginiana; , upper covered with long stipitate glands resembling those of R. nitida.
hypanthia pedicels, and sepals densely
Etymology. The nothospecies is named for Albion R. Hodgdon, former professor and herbarium director, University of New Hampshire, where the herbarium was named in his honor in 1978.
Vernacular name. Hodgdon’s rose.
Rosa Xhodgdonii is found in St. Pierre and Miquelon, New Brunswick, Newfound-
Distribution.
land, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec in Canada, and in Maine, Massachusetts, and New York in the United States. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in St. Pierre and Miquelon, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec in Canada, and in Connecticut, Maine, Massachu- setts, New Hampshire, New York, and Rhode Island in the United States.
The hybrid Rosa nitida Willd. X R. virginiana Mill. was recognized by Rydberg (1918). In 1958, R. nitida f. spinosa W. H. Lewis was published to replace Rydberg’s R. nitida Willd. X R.
Discussion.
virginiana Mill., in synonymy (Lewis, 1958b). Rosa
nitida f. spinosa is now also placed in synonymy.
7 X Rosa highly sterile Fl (Erlanson,
Pollen fertility. Rosa nitida, n = virginiana, n = 14 1934
Paratypes. CANADA. Newfoundland: oe St. George, ug
Richelieu, 26 June 1932, F. Marie-Victorin & F. Rolland- Germain 46304 (MO, MT).
S.A. Maine: Lincoln Co., G. Jefferson, Cooper Mills, | July 1934, F. Hyland 112 (MAINE); Knox Co., Isle au Haut, 29 July 1919, N. T. Kidder s.n. (NHA); Isle au Haut, Deval’s Dam, 24 Aug. 1923, N. T. Kidder s.n. (NHA)); Isle au Haut, Bom Beach, 11 July 1968, D. A. Wise 69 ve Massachusetts: Dukes Co., Martha’s Vineyard, 8 A 1927, J. A. Drushel 6262 (MO). New Hampshire: Coos Co, Pike pond, A. S. Pease 23778 (GH); Rockingham Co., Nottingham, 30 July 1956, A. R. Hodgdon 9662 (NHA).
10. Rosa Xmassiana W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. TYPE:
[Rosa carolina L. X Rosa rugosa Thunb. |]. Us Crane’s
Massachusetts: Essex Co., Beach, near Ipswich via Argilola Rd., 20 June 2002, S. Joly & J. R. Starr 465 (holotype, MT).
Figure 9.
Haec nothospecies inter parentes Rosa carolinam L. e osam Thunb. intermedia, sed ab illa hypanthio “ls efi ilicaie dense stipitato-glandulosis distinguitur
Intermediate between Rosa carolina and R. rugosa;
leaflets elliptic; hypanthia, sepals, and pedicels
densely stipitate glandular, as in R. rugosa.
Etymology. Rosa Xmassiana is named for the state of Massachusetts, where many taxa of Rosa occur.
Vernacular name. Massachusetts rose.
Distribution. Rosa Xmassiana is found in Mas- sachusetts in the United States. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in New Brunswick,
ova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec in Canada, and in Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virgin- ia, and West Virginia in the United States.
11. Rosa Xoldhamii W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. [Rosa arkansana Porter X Rosa woodsii Lindl.|. TYPE: Canada. Ontario: Kent Co., 2 km W of Tupperville, beach, betw. rd. & railway, 14 Aug. 1997, M. J. Oldham 20345 (holotype, MO; isotypes, MICH, MJO). Figure 10.
Volume 25, Number 1 Lewis 39 Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
2016
6 rf 8 fe) 10 Missouri BOTANICA fore) e)"igle] sim e-s-1-) ali-le, re
Rosa x massica . H. Lewis R. rugosa Thunb. x RX. carolina L. Det. by Lewis, W. oe 2015
Missouri Botanical Garden (N TO)
Flora of USA
Rosa rugosa Thunb. x R. carolina L.
Lat.-long.: 42°41'05.2" N; 70°45'56.3" W (+6m)
Ath: 5m USA; Seeccsctlurbhiy Essex ERs Crane Beach, near the Town of Ipswi Growin ong a large population of Rosa rugosa Thunb. on either side of the fence on the land side of the dune that delimits the parking lot from the protected area. plants c, 50cm height. Flowers smell but not the hypanthium
glands. ae Nes, Simon Joly and Julian R. Starr no. 463 we) 9 Ml, 20/06/2002 fi Fa ge : M i 9} 0 1 6 ? v4 6 1 Herbier Marie-Victorin (MT), Université de Montréal
Figure 9. Rosa Xmassiana W. H. Lewis. Holotype, S. Joly & J. R. Starr 465 (MT).
| | R A Porter Separated, branched stems, having paired infra- et R. woodsii Lindl. intermedia, sed a hac hypanthio fructif stipular prickles (typical of Rosa woodsit) and short, foliolis pl 9, abillacaulibus thin prickles on stems and leaves; leaflets usually 9,
stipitato-g | foliolisque aculeis brevibus aatiine armatis distinguitur. less often 7; flowers in terminal clusters typical of R.
—_
Novon
MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
{MNO A N? 6421986
pensosad juBAdOS
Plants of Ontario, Canada
Rosa arkansana Porter
~ County: KENT oy Rosa x oldhamii W.H. Lewis ca. 2km W of Tupperville E (R. arkansana x R. woodsii ssp. woodsii) Det. by Lewis, W. (MO) 2015 Missouri Botanical Garden (MO) Latitude: 42.59013 Longitude: -82.29554 = Acc. (+/-):
Type of: Rosa KO Id Warmiy W. i4 _Leuns “Prob. OK. Vegetative,but lflts mostly 9,underside soft-pubescent,+ / - obovate; twigs thickish, glaucous bloom"-AAR
Ref. Coll: MJ. Oldham Coll. No. 20345 , Coll. Date: August 14, 1997 Det: M.J. Oldham, !A.A. Reznicek Feb. Missouri Botanical Garden (MO) DUPES: MICH, mjo, MO 2004 (cf) ROSAC
Figure 10. Rosa Xoldhamu W. H. Lewis. Holotype, M. J. Oldham 20345 (MO).
arkansana; hips stipitate glandular (found occasion- Information Centre (NHIC). Mr. Oldham obtained an ally only in R. arkansana).
understanding of R. woodsii and R. arkansana in
Etymology. Rosa Xoldhamii honors Michael J. &@8tern distributions while providing relevant collec-
Oldham, Director of the Ontario Natural Heritage — tions, including the type of this nothotaxon, to MO.
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Lewis 41 Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
Oldham’s rose.
Vernacular name.
Rosa Xoldhamii is found in Alber- ta, and Ontario in Canada, and in Kansas in the United States. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in Alberta, British Columbia, Man-
Distribution.
itoba, Ontario, and Saskatchewan in Canada, and in Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Montana, Ne- braska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklaho- ma, South Dakota, Texas, United States.
and Wyoming in the
Discussion. Rosa Xoldhamii is named as a
nothospecies, so the parental taxa are formally specified only to the species level. However, only R. woodsiit subsp. woodsii occurs in the appropriate range to be its parent.
x Rosa
Pollen fertility. Rosa woodsi, n = 7 O 14: highly sterile Fl (Erlanson,
arkansana, n =
1934
Paratypes. CANADA. Alberta: Fort Saskatchewan, 24 Sep. 1938 (leaves) & Oct. (fruit/stems), G. H. Turner s.n. (ALTA); Mulhurst, 4 July 1957, G. H. Turner 9498 (WHY).
».A. Kansas: Miami Co., Hillsdale, 5 Aug. 1954, W. H. Lewis 2388 (MO)
12. Rosa Xper-axeliana W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. [Rosa acicularis Lindl. * Rosa blanda Aiton]. TYPE: Canada. Ontario: Rainy River Co., Sable Island Provincial Nature Reserve, SE of Lake of the Woods, 48.88805°N, 94.67459°W, 29 June 2008, flowering, common on dunes, M. Oldham, S. Brinker & W. D. Bakowsky 35642 (holotype, MO). Figure 11.
Haec nothospecies inter parentes Rosam acicularem Lindl. et R. blandam Aiton intermedia, sed ab illa cortice in juventute viridi in aetate rubro aurantiacove, aciculis distalibus plerumque carentibus atque petiolorum aculeis nullis distinguitur.
Stem armature with dense, short prickles and aciculi, density decreasing greatly to apex. Le auricles erect or flared, leaflets often mixed with 1- serrate and 2-serralte margins, numerous teeth. Pedicels reflexed with floral maturity. Hypanthia typically oblong or urceolate with neck. Leaning to Rosa acicularis. Similar to R. blanda with green bark when young, red to orange with age, distal aciculli mostly absent, petiole prickles absent.
Etymology. Rosa Xper-axeliana is named in honor of Per Axel Rydberg, 1860-1931, distin- guished Swedish/American botanist, taxonomist at New York Botanical Garden, perhaps best known for
the North American Flora of 1918 and the Floras of Colorado and Rocky Mountains.
Vernacular name. Per Axel’s rose.
Distribution. Rosa Xper-axeliana is found in Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan in Canada, and in Minnesota in the United States. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in Manitoba, New Brunswick, North-
Northwest Territories, Ontario,
west Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, and Saskatchewan in Canada, and in Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hamp- New York, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin in the United States.
shire,
Discussion. Erlanson (1925) recognized hybrid-
ization between Rosa blanda and R. acicularis subsp. sayt in the Mackinac region of Michigan.
Pollen fertility. Rosa blanda, n = 7, X Rosa acicularis, n = 21: semi-fertile Fl Erlanson, 1934).
fecciet CANADA. Ontario: Sudbury Distr., 4 mi. E of Massy, 19 June 1957, W. H. Lewis & M. Elvin-Lewis 3507; Whitefish, 19 June 1957, W. H. Lewis ‘a M. Elvin- Lewis 3507A (MO). Quebec: Gatineau Co. mi. W o Kazabazua, 22 June 1947, J. M. Gillett, A. cae W. J. Cody 1255 (DAO, M
.5.A. Indiana: Porter Co., Chesterton, Lake Michigan, 22 Aug. 1915, C. C. Deam 18002 (IND). Maine: Lincoln, Monegan Island, 26 Aug. 1921, J. R. Churchill s.n. (MO). Massachusetts: Hampton Co., Granville, Cranberry Bog, 22 Sep. 1913, F. C. Seymour 79 (MO); Berkshire Co., Berkshire, Aug. 1900, N. F. Flynn s.n. (VT). Michigan: Alger Co., Autrain, 27 July 1940, A. Chandler 4664
Bay, 1 Sep. 2004, W. H. Lewis & Houghton Co., Houshitor, 18 July 1802, A. F. Eby (MICH, MO); Mackinac Co., Scottie Bay, 1924, E. W Erlanson & C. O. Erlanson U. M.G. No. 7/4 (MICH). New York: Warren Co., Lake George, Sabbath-Day Point, 2 July 1947, H. D. House 30650 (MO, NYS). Vermont: Addison Co., Apple Tree Bay, Ferrisburg, 26 June 1981, P. F. Zika 3776 (VT); Bristol Pond Bog, 25 Sep. 1878, C. G. Pringle s.n. (VT); Button Island, Ferrisburg, 24 June 1983, P. F. ae 7265 (VT); Rutland Co., West
Haven,
15 Sep. 1932, D. S. a s.n. (VT); Chittenden Co., Burlington, 5 Ju 1942, L. A. Charette s.n. (VT); Essex Co., Rutland Co., Caztelon, 17 July 1968, e - ee
3211 (VT). Wisconsin: n Co., Aug. , J. AL. Schuette s.n. (NY); Door Co., (ale Seen a ane J. H. Schuette s.n. (GH)
13. Rosa Xvictoriana W. H. Lewis, nothosp. nov. [Rosa nutkana C. Presl X Rosa pisocarpa A. Gray|. TYPE: Canada. British Columbia: Savan- nas, 30 Aug. 1892, F. E. Floyd s.n. (holotype, NY)
Novon
SSOUR! BOTANICAL wah
“AM | N® 6317869
9) 10
8 bole) o\"alelama-t-y-1 al/-fe | ¢
xX peraxeliana W. 1H. Lewis A Ez pe nda Ait. x R. acicularis Lindl. Det, by Lew is, W. (MO) 2016
Missouri Botanical Garden (MO)
Rosa acicularis Lindl. subsp. Sayi (Schwein.) W.H. Lewis X blanda Aiton Det. by Lewis, W. (MO) 2015 Missouri Botanical Garden (MO)
PLANTS OF ONTARIO, CANADA
Rosaceae Rosa acicularis ‘Lindl.
? County: RAINY RIVER Township: Sable Island Prov ne Nature Reserve, southeast Lake of the Woods
NAD: 83 UTM Zone: 15 arin 377244 Northing: 5416362 59
Latitude: 48.88805 ongitude: -94.674
common on dunes
flowering
Coll: M.J. Oldham, 5. Brinker & W.D. Bakowsky — Goll, No. 35642
Coll. Date: fune 29, 2008 Det: M.J. Oldham DUPES: MO
Figure 11. Rosa Xper-axeliana W. H. Lewis. Holotype, M. J. Oldham, S. Brinker & W. D. Bakowsky 35642 (MO).
Haec nothospecies inter parentes Rosam nutkanam C. Presl et R. pisocarpam A. Gray intermedia, sed a hac caule robustiore, ab illa floribus minoribus atque hypanthiis fructiferis 6-9 mm longis globosis ovoideisve in collum
mediocrem desinentibus distinguitur.
Stems stout as in Rosa nutkana, typically armed with straight, infrastipular prickles or absent. Leaflets are 5 to 9, oblong to obovate, sharply serrate and lightly pubescent. Sepal margins glabrous, slender. Similar to R. pisocarpa in having smaller flowers, 2.5—
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Lewis 43 Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
3.9 cm, and hips, 6-9 mm, globose to ovoid with modest necks. Pedicels similar to both parental
species in being glabrous, glandular.
Etymology. Rosa Xvictoriana is named in honor of Queen Victoria, who established the provincial capital in Victoria, British Columbia, and to honor Victoria City (where I was largely raised).
Vernacular name. Victoria rose.
Distribution. Rosa Xvictoriana is found in British Columbia in Canada. There is shared distribution of both parental taxa in British Columbia in Canada, and in California, Oregon, and Washington in the United States.
Discussion. Rosa Xvictoriana is named as a nothospecies. Two of the three subspecies of R. nutkana occur within its range; it is believed that R. nutkana subsp. nutkana is the probable parent of the specimens seen.
Paratype. CANADA. British Columbia: Yale, 10 June 1952, T. M. C. Taylor & W. H. Lewis 102 (MO, UBC).
Rose INTROGRESSIONS
Examples of Rosa introgressive hybridizations illustrate backcrossing of hybrids that provide intermediary taxa whereby exchange of genetic factors between parents is possible. Such exchang- es are illustrated here involving six taxa, R. acicularis subsp. sayi, R. arkansana, R. blanda, R. carolina, R. virginiana, and R. woodst subsp. woodsit, and one nothotaxon, Rosa Xmedioccidentis
. H. Lewis. Collections of each of these six taxa and the nothotaxon were carefully examined for morphological evidence of hybrid introgression in process, together with the identity of taxon and nothotaxa. Each species or nothospecies was further examined to be certain of the identity of
both
gressant was observe
taxa. Distinctive morphology of each intro- and is provided for each specimen within brackets.
1. INTROGRESSIONS INTO ROSA ARKANSANA
Introgressant Rosa acicularis subsp. sayi: CANADA. Alberta: Banff hwy., 8 July 1958, J. G. Parker s.n. (ALTA); Bulwark, 12 July 1929, E. Moss 1858 (ALTA) baa oblong with a U of A Kinsella Ranch, hwy. 619, S, 1 July 2010, B. C. erent 63 (ALTA) [hypanthia ee to oblong with neck]; Edmonton, prairie point, 17 July 1984, J. Meldrum 21 (ALTA) aes oblong with neck]; Calgary,
Banff hwy., 8 July 1958, Parker s.n. (ALTA) [hypanthia ovate with neck]. Manitoba: Sandlands Forest Reserve, 14 Ju
y 1949, A. J. Breitung 792 (DAO, MO) [hypanthium ae with neck].
S.A. Colorado: Fremont Co., Hillside, 8200 ft., 12 July AO, Pilnsan 1471 (MI CH, MO) [hypanthi es to 9 leaflets]. Illinois: Marsha 0
23 June ee W. H. Schase 11170 (MISS) ee oblong, long neck]. Maine: Franklin Co., Eustis, near Flagstaff ale "20 July 2009, A. V. Gilman 9081 (MO, VT) [hypanthia oblong with distinct neck]; Wyoming: Weston Co., Boyd, 21 July 1910, A. Nelson 0635 (MO, RM) [hypanthia urceolate].
2. INTROGRESSIONS INTO ROSA BLANDA
Introgressant Rosa acicularis subsp. sayi: U.S.A. Ver- mont: Orleans Co., Coventry, E Barton River, 4 July 2009, A. V. Gilman 09061 (VT) [hypanthia ovate to oblong with
k].
nec
Introgressant Rosa carolina subsp. carolina: CANADA. Quebec: Gateneau Co., Aylwin Parish, 1 mi. W Kazabazua, 22 June 1947, J. M. Gillett, J. A. Colder & W. J. Cody 1255 (MO, MT) [stems and branches with scattered, thin prickles singly or _ often to apex
U.S: York: Warren Co., Lake George, Sabbath-day Point, 2 july 1 1947, H. : House 30650 (MO, NYSM); Bakers Mills, 2 mi. W, 1 July 1954, W. H. Lewis 1 ee (MO) [stem
armature in pairs of short, fine prickles
aciculi]
Introgressant Rosa woodsii subsp. woodsit: CANADA. Alberta: Fort Saskachewan, 2 mi. NE, 1 Aug. 1939; G. H. Turner 11421 (ALTA) [stems with thin, | ee devoid toward apex]; Windy Point Ridge, Hwy. 11, W, 14 D. M. Fabyan 2803 (ALTA) [stems at long
Aug. 2007,
thin prickles, road bases, in addition to acicular prickles]; Pina 3 Ma W. N. Chunys 1537 (MMMN cane an eval pticklés of R. woodstt subsp. woodsit. |.
3. INTROGRESSIONS INTO ROSA CAROLINA
Introgressant Rosa virginiana: U.S.A. New York: Ono- naga Co., Green Lakes State Park, 2 July 1954, W. H. Lewis 2180 (MO) [both hypanthia with stipitate glands, prickles rare].
4. INTROGRESSIONS INTO ROSA XMEDIOCCIDENTIS [ROSA ARKANSANA X ROSA CAROLINA |
pees Rosa ee aa sayt: U.S.A. Mis- souri: Jackso .W of K Rd., Kansas City line, 22 May ‘2005, W. i. ae & M Elvin- Lewis 15835 (MO) [hypanthia pyriform with neck]; Daviess Co., Gallatin, , W. H. Lewis 2394 (MO) [leaflet margins 2.
dentate sepeic|
nv o
}. INTROGRESSIONS INTO ROSA VIRGINIANA
Introgressant Rosa acicularis subsp. sayt: ae Quebec: Mont Commis, St.-Donat de Rimouski, Hepage 60432 (MT) [sepals & hypanthia eglandular, een
reflexed, leaflet margins 2-dentate serrate].
Novon
U.S.A. Maine: Somerset Co., by ee ae aa River at Great Eddy, 13 july: 2008, W. H. s& A, sale 21137 (MO) [leaflet margins 2-serrate]; ae Co.,
i. W of Mackinaw City beach, 1 Sep. 2004, W. H. Leis & E. G. Voss 15892 (MO) [most hypanthia pyriform, base Ue
eae Vermont: Chittenden Co., B
dentate. serrate, hypanthia stipitate glandular]; Addison Co., Varrisburg, ae Island, 26 June 1981, P. F. Zika
[some leaflet margins 2-serrate, hypanthia oe glandular].
Introgressant Rosa blanda: U.S.A. Maine: Somerset Co., by Skowhegan, Kennebec River at Great Eddy, 15 June 2012, W. H. Lewis 21467 (MO) [lack of all prickles].
6. INTROGRESSIONS INTO ROSA WOODSII SUBSP. WOODSIT
Introgressant Rosa acicularis subsp. sayi: CANADA. Alberta: Jasper Lake, Jasper Natl. Park, 6 ee 1976, D. D. Sharp A382 (ALTA) [hypanthia ovoid with ne 10 June 1973, G. Goulden (ALTA) Tee urceolate with ne
A. Gisade Aare s Shetland Ranch, 8200 ft., ice 1896, C. F. Baker | n. ee [hypanthia urceolate neck]; Montezuma Co., os, 22 June 1898, C. F. Baker, F.S. Earle & Sl M. a 13 (MO) [hypanthia urceolate with
eck]; Larimore Co., Mtn. Park, Hwy. 14, 6 June 1880, P. Schmunk 24 (MO) [hypanthia oblong with neck]; Park Co. Insmont, July 1915, W. E. Ligget s.n. (MO) [hypanthia ovoid with long neck
Dual introgressions of Rosa acicularis subsp. sayi and R. 7 Alberta: Atikameg, Little Utikuma
Lake, 8 July . G. Dumais & K. Anderson 3234 (ALTA) [leaflet dea es dentate serrate; leaflets large, 2— 3.3 cm; hypanthia globose, stipitate glandular; sepals
slipitate ie Re)
U.S.A. Colorado: Fremont Co., 3 mi. W of Hillside, 8200 ft, 12 Jul C. O. Erlanson 1471 (MICH, MO
[hypanthia urceolate with neck; leaves with 9 leaflets].
wee”
Discussion. As an example of Rosa introgres-
progress, I found R. woodsiit subsp. originally obtained in central Alberta, planted in a small roadside garden in Newfoundland. While there I obtained living material (stems less than t. tall) and planted one rooted stem in my wild-rose garden in St. Louis Co., Missouri. After four years, the shrub had reached 2 ft. tall, was well naturalized, and was typical of other R. woodsii subsp. woodsti growing in the garden. In its fourth year, at least eight upper leaves were expressing leaf introgres- sions typical of R. arkansana by having nine to 10 leaflets per leaf, rather than the typical five to seven leaflets of R. woodsit subsp. woodsii. Given
that the plant originated in Alberta, where R. arkansana is prominent and uniquely distin- guished from other Rosa by having, among other major features, nine or often more leaflets per leaf, this individual of R. woodsti subsp. woodsit is now clearly expressing genes o arkansana. Such introgression is undoubtedly an indication of hybridization between R. arkansana and woodsit subsp. woodsit. Rosa arkansana X R. woodsit subsp. woodsii has been repeatedly observed and is named above as a nothotaxon,
Rosa Xoldhamit.
Acknowledgments. I am indebted to Kanchi Gandhi (GH) and John McNeill (RBGE) for clarifying issues regarding botanical nomenclature and to Alice Sehow for her valuable insights regarding understanding Rosa acicularis in New England. | am grateful to the numerous botanists at MO (Jim Solomon, Henk van der Werff, Jim Zarucchi, Ronald Liesner, and especially to Mary Merello for checking many of the descriptive measurements, and to Roy Gereau for his editorial help and providing Latin descriptions), as well as Barbara Ertter (JEPS) who aided me_ through
discussions associated | with the evolution and
those who collaborated with me elsewhere both in field collections (Bob O’Kennon [BRIT], Arthur Gilman [VT], Arthur Haines [Delta Institute of Natural History|), or laboratory studies related to genetics (Simon Joly & Anne Bruneau [MT]), and cytological studies (David Zlesak, Kathy Zuzek, John Kartesz [BONAP]). I am thankful to the directors, curators, and managers of herbaria with whom I visited or acquired loans (A, ; ;
NHA, NHIC, PH, SASK, UBC, US, VT, and WHY) and to MO for facilitating these transfers, and to herbarium personnel including Dorothy Allard (VT), John Bain , Anthony Brac : Dorothy Fabijan (ALTA), and Danielle An (UBC) for helpful information or specimen images. Other professionals and staff at MO that merit my appreciation are Victoria Hollowell for nomencla- tural discussions, and librarian Mary Stiffler for her expertise, as well as the personnel in the herbarium, particularly Donna Herrera and Lauren in addition to Angela Brinker, Andrea Voyer, JoAnn Bartels, Olga Fomina, Tom Ber- nickus, Sally Bommarito, Rita Chiodini, and Heidi Schmidt, development of this paper;
Peters,
who were extremely helpful in the MO’s TROPICOS® database was a valuable resource. It is also
gratifying to me that David Gunn, MO rhodologist,
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Lewis 45 Novelties in Rosa (Rosaceae) in North America
is incorporating many of my personal wild Rosa collections into those growing at the Missouri Botanical Garden. At Washington University in st. Louis, support specialist team for their help and espe-
I would like to thank our computer
cially Michael Malolepszy and Francis Thuet, as well as Michael Dyer, Darlene Branson, and Jeanne Cablish in the Jeanette Goldfarb Plant Growth Facility, who propagated numerous Rosa cuttings for Most importantly, I wish to acknowledge the assistance of Memory Elvin-Lewis both as a co-collector of numerous specimens in the field as well as for all her efforts in the preparation of this manuscript.
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Kevan, P. G., . "Slavic J. D. Ambrose & J. R. K 1990. Cupptie dioecy and insect pollination in fie setigera Michx. (Rosaceae), a rare plant of Cael Canada. Biol. J. Soc. 40: 229-243.
Lewis, W. H. . The roses of Virginia and West Virginia. wae 23: 77-88.
Lewis, W. H. 1958b. Minor forms of North American species of — Rhodora 69: 237-243.
Lewis, W. H. . A monograph of the genus Rosa in
orth ew 3 Rosa setigera. Southw. Naturalist 3: 154-174,
Lewis, W. H. 1959b. A monograph of the genus Rosa in North America. I. R. acicularis. Brittonia 11: 1-2
Lewis, W. H. 2008. Rosa carolina (Rosaceae) sibapedies and hybrids in eastern and midwestern United States, Canada, and Mexico. Novon 18: 192-198.
Lewis, W. H Reznicek & R. K. Rabeler. 2012. naa pre and typifications of Rosa (Rosaceae) taxa in North America described or used by E. W. Erlanson, 1925-1934, Novon 22: 32-42.
Lewis, W. H., B. Ertter & A. Bruneau. 2015. Rosa. Pp. 75— 119 in Flora of North America Editorial Committee (editors), Flora of North America, Vol. 9. Oxford University Press, New York
Nelson, P. W. 2012. Fire-adapted natural communities of the Ozark Highlands at the time of European settlement and now. Pp. 92-102 in D. C. Dey, M. C. Stambaugh, S. L. Clark & C. J. Schweitzer (editors), Proceedings of the Ath Fire in Eastern Oak Forests aes 2011 May 17-19; Springfield, Missouri. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-P- 102. U. S. Department of Ariat Forest Service, Newton ri erie
Oldham, M. A. Woodliffe. 2003. Climbing Prairie Rose, Rosa setigera. Pamphlet, vii—ix. Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre, Peter- borough, Ontario.
Rydberg, P. A. 1918. Rosa. N. Am. Flora 22: 483-533. New York Botanical Garden, The Bronx.
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Sauer, C. O. 1920. The seis of the Ozark Highland of RSMS1 in intra- and inter-specific crosses of dioecious Missouri. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Chicago, and Rosa setigera Michaux. Floriculture Ornamental Biotech. Geographic Society of Chicago Bulletin no. 7, University 7(1): 60-64
of rie i Press, Chicago. Zlesak va K. Tele & S. Hokanson. 2013. Gender Zuzek, K. & D. C. Zlesak. 2014. Rosa setigera, a North
9 oa and identification of male sterility gene American treasure. Amer. Rose 42: 86-94
New Boraginales from Tropical America 8. Two New Species of Tournefortia (Heliotropiaceae) from Costa Rica
James S. Miller Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A.
james.miller@mobot.org
Tournefortia albifolia J. S. Mill. and T.
Mill. are described as new from
ABSTRACT. longipedicellata J. 5
osta Rica, ee the total number of Tournefortia L. species known from Costa Rica to 16. They are described, their affinities are discussed, information is provided to allow them to be separated from the other species with which they may be confused, and their conservation status is determined.
Key words: Costa Rica, Heliotropiaceae, [UCN Red List, Tournefortia.
Costa Rica has continued to yield new species of Boraginales, particularly in the genera Bourreria P. Browne, Cordia L., and Tournefortia L. (Miller, 1987, 1988, 1999; Miller & Sirot, 1997; Gottschling & Miller, 2005). In preparing a treatment for the Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica (Hammel et al.,
015), a series of collections of Tournefortia species were encountered in the Costa Rican herbaria CR and INB that were not immediately assignable to species known from that country. Additional study and comparison with other species from Latin America led to the conclusion that these specimens represent two previously unrecognized species; these are described below, bringing the total number of Tournefortia species known from Costa Rica to 16.
1. Tournefortia albifolia J. S. Mill., sp. nov. TYPE: Costa Rica. Heredia: Estacion Biologica La Selva cerca de Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, 100 m, 10°26'N 84°01'’W e I Quintanilla 17330 (holotype,
KE, MO). Figure 1
CR; isotypes,
Diagnosis. The new species is similar in general appearance to Tournefortia hirsutissima L., but is distin- guished by its narrower ae with a conspicuously es abaxial surface and flowers with lanceolate sepals jess a 1.5 mm ie me corolla less than 5 mm lon
oo, P ane
Liana, stems hirsute to strigose. Leaves alternate, leaf blades elliptic to narrowly elliptic or lance- elliptic, 8-15(—18) X 2.5-5(—6.5) cm, apex narrowly acule to acuminate, base cuneate, margins entire, adaxial surface sparsely scabrid and slightly rough to
doi: 10.3417/2016004
Novon 25:
the touch, surface distinctly and evidently papillate, abaxial surface white, sparsely hirsute with surface covered with a white granular wax, venation brochi- dodromous, secondary veins 8 to 9, tertiary veins petioles 1—-2.5(—3) cm,
broadly canaliculated on adaxial surface, evenly to
reticulate and evident;
sparsely hirtellous. Inflorescences terminal, cymose, lo ca. cm broad, peduncle sparsely hirsute.
eis bisexual, borne 1-3 mm apart on the
branches, sessile; calyx small, lobes lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm, sparsely hirtellous; corolla tubular, 4-5 mm; corolla tube white scabrid on outer surface; anthers inserted in corolla mouth; ovary ovoid, stigma sessile. Fruits ovoid, 3 cm in diam., stigma sometimes persistent on top of fruits.
Distribution and habitat. Tournefortia albifolia is known from only three localities: two in the Atlantic lowlands of Caribbean Costa Rica in wet lowland forest and a single collection from a mid-elevation site in Chiapas.
IUCN Red List category. Known from only three localities, Tournefortia albifolia must be considered Data Deficient (DD), according to IUCN Red List criteria (IUCN, 2012). It is certainly a rare plant and probably qualifies as Endangered (EN) because of its very low area of occupancy. However, the three known populations are scattered geographically and it The population at the La Selva Biological Station is well
is presumed to at all three sites.
protected. Discussion. Tournefortia albifolia is quite similar in general appearance to one of the most common Central American species, 7. hirsutissima L., but it is easily distinguished by its prominent white leaf It also differs in the papillate upper surface of its leaves, its leaves that
undersurface. distinctive are narrower than those of 7. hirsutissima, its flowers that are smaller in comparison and have lanceolate sepals less than 1.5 mm long, and its corolla that is less than 5 mm long. It does occur sympatrically with T. hirsutissima at La Selva.
47—50. PUBLISHED ON 8 DECEMBER 2016.
48 Novon
Tournefortia albifolia J. S. Mill. —A. Flowering branch. —B. Flowers. —C. Fruit. All from B. Hammel & I. O).
Figur Quintanilla 17330 (MO)
Paratypes. COSTA RICA. Heredia: Cantén Sarapiqui, 2. Tournefortia longipedicellata J. 5. Mill., sp. nov.
OET La Selva, puente de la quebrada Sura, camino a la : Costa Rica. Limén: Rio Banano, Cuenca Estacion del Rio, O. Vargas 1265 (LSCR); Canton del Banano. Limén, Valle de la Estrella, Fila Sarapiqui, OET La Selva, Sendero STR, 410 m, izquierda Matarna, cerca de 11 km SW del pueblo de Aguas 1 m x quebrada, O. Vargas 2023 (LSCR). Limén: dan la Zarcas, elev. 1200-1300 m, 9°48'49"N, foret a Shirores, Talamanca, 100 m, A. Tonduz 9321 (CR). 83°10'02" W, 25 Oct. 2007, D. Solano, A. MEXICO. Chiapas: 13 km N of Berriozabal near Pozo Rodriguez, B. Gamboa R., D. Santamaria, E. Turipache and Finca El Suspiro, Mpio. Berriozabal, 1000 Boza & M. Hernandez Pefia 4705 (holotype, CR;
m, Breedlove 39897 (MO). isotypes, MO, PMA). Figure 2.
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Miller 49 Tournefortia (Heliotropiaceae) from Costa Rica
Figure 2. Gynoecium in persistent calyx. All from J. Bittner 1828 (M
Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Tournefortia johnstonit Standl. and T. | eee hk
leaves, but dif
ramonensis Standl. by its opposite oth of these species by its distinctly
pedicellate flowers.
Shrub to 4 m tall, stems evenly short brown puberulent. Leaves opposite; blades elliptic to ovate, 15-25 X 5-10.5 cm, apex acuminate, base obtuse to acute or rounded, margin entire, adaxial surface soft
Tournefortia longipedicellata J. S. Mill. —A. Flowering branch. —B. Flower. —C. Fruiting branch. —D. Fruit. —E. 0)
scabrid, abaxial surface soft brown puberulent, venation brochidodromous, secondary veins 8 to 12; petioles 2-3(—7) cm, canaliculated on adaxial surface, evenly short brown puberulent. Inflorescenc- es terminal and subtended by a pair of lateral branches from subtending axillary buds, cymose, on peduncles 3.5-11 cm, branches 8-25 cm, soft brown
puberulent to nearly glabrous. Flowers bisexual,
Novon
borne 2-4 mm apart, on distinct pedicels 1-5 mm; sepals lanceolate, 1.5-2(—4) mm, spreading, corolla tubular with recurved lobes, tube 3-4 mm, exterior surface white strigose, lobes narrowly acute, acumi- nate, recurved; anthers sessile in mouth of corolla; ovary ovoid, 1-1.5 mm, style 1.5-2.5 mm, stigma conical. Immature fruits ovoid, mature fruits un- nown
Distribution and habitat. cellata is endemic to Costa Rica, but it is distributed
Tournefortia longipedi-
throughout the central mountains from ca. 1000 to
IUCN Red List category. Although endemic to Costa Rica, Tournefortia longipedicellata appears to be reasonably abundant in the central mountains and exceeds extent of occurrence and area of occupancy threat thresholds and should be considered Least Concern (LC), according to IUCN Red List criteria (IUCN, 2012
Discussion. Tournefortia longipedicellata is a very distinctive species that has previously been confused with T. johnstonii Standl. and T. ramonensis Standl.,
American members of the genus in having opposite
which are all unusual among the Central
leaves. It differs from both of those species in having flowers borne on distinct pedicels at least 1 mm long. All three species appear to be reasonably abundant, and perhaps even a bit weedy, in mid-elevation wet forests in central Costa Rica.
Paratypes. COSTA RICA. Alajuela: Universidad de Costa Rica Forest Preserve, Cordillera de Tilaran, Atlantic slope cloud forest, along the Rio San Lorenzo below the Fila Volean Muerte, 1000-1500 m, 10°12'N, 84°37'S, Ber- ringer et al. 2467 (MO); Parque Nacional Rincén de la Vieja Quebrada Rancho Grande, 1000 m, 10°47'00"N, 89°17'00"W, Rivera 1593 (MO); San Ramén, entre La Balsa y Rio Cataratitas, 1160 m, G. Umana et al. 650 (CR).
Cartago: Turrialba, Tayutie, area no protegida, Moravia,
camp, Cordillera de Talamanca, J. Bittner 1828 (INB, MO); Rio Banano, Cuenca del Banano, Limon, Valle de la Estrella, Fila Matama, cerca de 11 km SW del pueblo de Aguas Zarcas, 1200-1300 m, D. Santamaria 6544 (INB, MO, PMA). San Jose: San Gerardo de Dota, Reserva Forestal Los Santos, Cordillera de Talamanca, 2000-2400 m, L. van Omme & G. M. ten Hoopen 394 (CR); San Gerardo de Dota, Talamanca, 2300 m, H. van Velzen & M. Kappelle 942 (CR). Acknowledgments. Special thanks go to Barry ammel, who was a wonderful host when I visited Costa Rica and helped me get through two herbaria. Thanks also to the curators at CR and INBIO. Barbara Alongi did the beautiful illustrations. As Mary Stiffler and Victoria McMichael provided great support in the library.
always,
Literature Cited
Gottschling, M. & J. S. Miller. 2005. A new species of Bourreria eae im Boraginales) from Costa Rica. Novon a 428.
Hammel, B. . Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora. 2015. oa de Plantas le Costa Rica, Vol. VII. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Lou
12. IUCN Red List errs ca Criteria, Version 3.1. Second edition. Prepared by the IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, an re United Kingdom
Miller, J. S. Two new species of Cordia (Boragina- ceae) from ae America. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74: 670-673.
Miller, J. S. 1988. A revised treatment of ates for
Panama. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: 456-521.
Miller, J. S. 1999. New Boraginaceae from Tropical America 1: New species of Bourreria and Tournefortia from Costa Rica and a note on the publication of Cordia tea Novon 9: 230-235.
Mi . 5. & B. Sirot. 1997. A new species of Bourreria
fon con Rica. Novon 7: 395-397.
Nomenclatural Changes in Neotropical Riverweeds (Podostemaceae)
C. Thomas Philbrick Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Western Connecticut State University,
Danbury, Connecticut 06810, U.S.A. philbrickt@wesu.edu
Paula K. B. Philbrick Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut Waterbury Campus, Waterbury, Connecticut 06702, U.S.A.
Claudia P. Bove
Departamento de Botanica, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,
Quinta da Boa Vista, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
20940-040, Brazil. cpbove@hotmail.com
Apstract. Twenty-four nomenclatural changes are made in Neotropical Podostemaceae. Twenty-one species or infraspecific names are placed into synonymy, three new taxonomic combinations are presented, and five species are recognized as dubious. Four lectotypes are designated. Species involved occur in Apinagia Tul., Castelnavia Tul. &
edd., Jenmaniella Engl., Marathrum Bonpl., Oser- ya Tul. dd., Rhyncholacis Tul., and Wettstei- niola Suess. Clarifications of the location of types of one species each of Castelnavia (C. monandra Tul. & Wedd.) and Ceratolacis Wedd. (C. erythrolichen (Tul. & Wedd.) Wedd.) are also presented.
RESUMO. nomenclaturais em Podostemaceae neotropicais.
Sao realizadas vinte e quatro mudangas
inte e um nomes de espécies ou infraespecificos sdo sinonimizados, trés novas combinacdes sao apresentadas e cinco espécies s4o reconhecidas como
dabias. Cinco lectétipos sao designados. As espécies
envolvidas ocorrem em Apinagia Tul., Castelnavia edd., Jenmaniella Engl., Marathrum
Oserya Tul. & Wedd., Rhyncholacis Tul. e
Wettsteiniola Suess. Esclarecimentos em relacao a
Bonpl.,
localizagaéo dos tipos de uma espécie de Castelnavia
(C. monandra Tul. & Wedd.) e de Ceratolacis Wedd.
(C. erythrolichen (Tul. & Wedd.) Wedd.) sao apresentados. Key words: Apinagia, Castelnavia, Ceratolacis,
Jenmaniella, Marathrum, Oserya, Podostemaceae, Rhyncholacis, South America, Wettsteiniola.
Philbrick et al. (2010) reported that nearly 30% of Neotropical species of Podostemaceae are of unclear taxonomic status. Taxonomic uncertainty hinders the ability to accurately assess the extent of local species endemism and thereby clarify conservation concerns
doi: 10.3417/2016023
(Philbrick et al., 2010). Herein we make nomencla- tural changes based on examination of type materials and place species into synonymy with others, transfer species from one genus to another, and denote dubious species. The proposed changes enhance
taxonomic clarity in Neotropical Podostemaceae.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was based on type materials deposited
in the following herbaria (Thiers, continuously updated): B, BM, BR, C, CGE, ESA, F, G, GH,
GOET, K, L, LE, NY, P, S, U, US, and W.
SPECIES PLACED INTO SYNONYMY
The following changes move previously recognized species into synonymy of others. In each instance, examination of type materials indicated that the range of variation in vegetative and reproductive features of synonymized taxa falls within the observed range for the accepted taxa.
Apinagia fimbrifolia P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 62-63, 130, tab. 8, figs. 13-17. 1951. TYPE: Brazil. Distrito Federal, Paranoa River, “Rio Paranaua, Goyaz, Brésil,” 28 May 1895, A. Glaziou 21982 (holotype, P; isotypes, C [exsiccatae], [spirit], F, G, K, S not seen).
“Apinagia crulsiana Warm. ex Glaz.,” Bull. Soc. Bot. France 58 (Mém. 3f): 574, 1911, nom. nud.
“Apinagia intermedia Warm. ex Glaz.,” Bull. Soc. Bot. France 58 (Mém. 3f): 574. 1911, nom.
Apinagia parvifolia P. Royen, Meded. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 64-65, os a 7, figs. 17- 24. 1951, syn. nov. TYPE: Brazil. Distrito Federal,
Gama River, “Bas du rio Gama, Goyaz, Brésil,” 4
Novon 25: 51—56. PUBLISHED ON 8 DECEMBER 2016.
Novon
Nov. 1894, A. Glaziou 21992 (holotype, U [photo]; isotypes, C not seen, F, K, P).
Apinagia latifolia (K. I. Goebel) P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 59. 1951. Oenone latifolia K. I. Goebel, Pflanzen- biol. Schilderungen 2: 375-376, tab. 26, figs. 1, 2. 1893. TYPE: Guyana. Barima River, “Cata- ract of Barima, Guiana,” 26 Apr. 1893, K. 1. Goebel s.n. (holotype, M; isotypes, C not seen, K, U)
a ee (K. I. Goebel) P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Riyks Univ. Utrecht 107: 58-59. 1951, syn. nov. Oenone imthurnit K. I. Goebel, Pflanzenbiol Ssauaaaci 2: 347, 376-377. 1893. TYPE Guyana. Amakura River, ° ee of Amacura, Brit. ae i‘ o Apr. 1 ebel s.n. (holotype, M; isotypes, B [spirit], C eee [spirit], K, U).
Apinagia richardiana (Tul.) P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 44-45. 1951. Ligea richardiana Tul., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 11: 96. 1849. Neolacis richardiana (Tul.) Wedd., Prodr. [|A. P. de Candolle] 17: 59- 60. 1873. Oenone richardiana (Tul.) Warm., Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] 3, Abt. Qa: 18. 1891. T Richard s.n. isotypes, B [spirit], BM [spirit]).
rench Guiana. s. loc., s.d., L.
icone designated here, Pp;
Apinagia corymbosa (Tul.) Engl. var. capillarifolia (Engl.) P. Roy ‘Rijks Univ. Utrecht
ol, syn. nov. Apinagia capillarifolia Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Sei 61(2-3, Beibl. 138): 3. 1927. TYPE: Brazil. Roraima: Serra do Mel, Surumu River, tributary of Branco River, “in einem Bache bei der Serra do Mel; Rio Branco (Surumu),” Oct. 1909, E. Ule 30 (holotype, B
Apinagia aes (Tul.) Engl. mbosa, Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2 oes & Prantl) Ia: 38. 1930,
corymbosa (Tul.) Wedd., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 17: 60. 1873. TYPE: Guyana. “Guyane angl.,” 1837, R. Schomburgk 436 (holotype, P; isotypes, C [ex- siccatae not seen], [spirit not seen], K, L not seen, U, not seen).
Apinagia exilis (Tul.) P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. s Univ. Utrecht 107: 53-54, tab. 3, figs. 8-13.
1951, syn. nov. Ligea richardiana Tul. var. exilis Tul., nn. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 11: 96-97. 1849. Neslacis corymbosa (Tul.) Wedd. var. exilis (Tul.) Wedd., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 17: 60. 1873. TYPE: Guyana. s. loc., s.d., R. Schomburgk 434 (holotype, P; isotypes, BM, C, CGE not seen, K [2 sheets], L not seen, US, W
een).
Apinagia microcarpa Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(2—3, Beibl. 38): 3. 1927. TYPE: Brazil. Roraima: Branco River, “In den Stromschnellen des unteren Surumu; Rio Branco,” Jan. 1909, E. Ule 7964 (holotype, B).
Apinagia minor P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Uneckt 107: 52, 129, tab. 6, figs. 1-10. 1951.
TYPE: Brazil. Para: Erepecuru River, Oriximina ie ” Dec. 1849, R. Spruce 555 (holotype, P;
solype, nes eocud Mona (Tul.) Pulle, Enum. Vasc. PI. Surinam, 194. 1906, syn. nov. Ligea secundiflora Tul., Ann. . Nat., Bot. sér. 3, 11: 97. 1849. Neolacis secundiflora (Tul.) Wedd., Prodr. [A. P Candolle] 17: 62. 1873. Oenone secundiflora (Tul.) Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(Beibl. 138): 2. 1927. Apinagia secundiflora (Tul.) Engl., Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed, 2 [Engler & Prantl] 18a: 38. ey isonym. TYPE: Suriname. “Guiana batava,” s.d., F. Hostmann 1323 (holotype, K; me BM, P, W not seen). Apinagia uleana , Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(Beibl. 138): 3. 927. TYPE: aa Rio Branco, Feb. 1909, E. Ule n. (type not found). “Lacis chrysanthemum Schnizl.,” Iconogr. Fam. Regn. Veg. : tab. 85. [1843-1870], nom. nud. Oenone othmeri Matthiesen, Biblioth. Bot. 15 (Heft 68): 13, . TYPE: Venezuela. Caroni River, “in fluvi Caroni,” 22 Feb. 1902, B. Othmer s.n. (holotype, B
[exsiccatae]; isotypes, B [spirit], C not seen).
Apinagia riedelii (Bong.) Tul., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 11: 98. 1849. ee riedeliit Bong., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(2): 75, tab. 3. 1835. Neolacis riedelit (Bong.) Wedd., Prodr. |A. P. de Candolle] 17: 61-62. 1873. TYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Avanhandava River, Tieté tributary,
Riedel 392 (holotype, LE not seen; isotypes, B, BM, C not seen, G, P).
sl cae (Mart. & Zucc.) Tul., Ann. Sei. Nat., Bot.,
. 1849, syn. nov. Lacis fucoides Mart. & a Nov. Cen, Sp. Pl. (Martius) 1(1): 5-6, tab. 2. 1824. Neolacis fucoides (Mart. & Zuce.) Wedd., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 17: 61. 1873. TYPE: Brazil.
“Brasilia Guyandaba,” s.d., L.
Bahia: ra Itaipe River, “Brasilia, in rivulis ad el - ” Dec. C. Martius 2050 (holotype, .B, L not seen, P, W not seen).
M; i
- psllopora Tul. & We ves Sci. Nat., Bot.,
7. 1849, syn. nov. Neolacis eee
(Tul & Wedd. ) Wedd., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 17: 60. 1873. TYPE: Brasil. Tocantins River, s.d., H. A Weddell 2368 (holotype, P; isotypes, C, F not seen, K, P [2 sheets].
Apinagia pygmaea (Bong.) Tul., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, ll: 9 ' 1-8. 1849, syn. nov. Lacts
pygmaea Bong., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Péters-
bourg, sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(2):
. 3. 1835. Neolae cis pygmaea (Bong.) Wedd., Prodr. A. P. de Candolle] 17: 60-61. 1873. TYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: Avanhandava River, Tieté tributary, s.d., L. Riedel 393 pe LE not seen; isotypes, B,
not seen, K, NY, P, S not seen, U). Apinagia ae asi P. Raven, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. v. Utrecht 107: 61, 130, tab. 5, figs. 1-6.
1951, syn. nov. Eee Brazil, Minas Gerais: Paraiba River, “(Minas) rio Parahyba, au passage,” 15 Aug. 1894, A. anmee 22001 (holotype, C not seen; sows s, P, U [sp :
Apinagia yguazuensis er & Vischer in Chodat, Veg. Parag., 241-242. 1917, syn. nov. TYPE: Paraguay.
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Philbrick et al. 53 Neotropical Riverweeds (Podostemaceae)
, Yguazu in ripibus immerses,” Oct. 1914, R. Lee ‘341 (holotype, G).
Notes. Based on the synonymy of Apinagia riedelii the oldest legitimate basionym for the species is Lacis fucoides, published in 1824. Accordingly, the correct name should be A. fucoides (Mart. & Zucc.) Tul. Changing the name, however, could lead to confusion as A. riedelii has been widely used. A proposal to conserve the name A. riedelii is being developed.
Castelnavia monandra Tul. & Wedd., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 11: 109. 1849. TYPE: Brazil. Goids: Araguaia River, “Brésil, Goyaz, Cata- ractes de l’Araguay,” 1844, H. A. Weddell s.n. (holotype,
Oserya flabellifera Tul. & Wedd., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 11: 106. 1849, syn. nov. TYPE: Brazil. Goias: Araguaia River, “Brésil, Prov. de Goyaz, Cataractes de l’Araguay,” 1844, H. A. Weddell s.n. (holotype, P; isotype, C not seen)
Jenmaniella ceratophylla Engl. var. ceratophylla, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(2—3, Beibl. 138): 7-8, figs. A-F. 1927, TYPE: Guyana. Potaro River, “Brit Guiana: Potaro River,” Sep. 1898, G. Jenman 7496 (holotype, B; isotypes, BM, K).
Jenmaniella ceratophylla Engl. var. hexandra Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(2-3, Beibl. 138): 8. 1927, syn. nov.
YPE: Guyana. Potaro River, Oct. 1898, G. Jenman olotype, B).
Jenmaniella kas Engl. var. parva P. Royen, Meded
Bot
Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 125, 137, tal. 16, figs. 14-15. 1951, syn. nov. TYPE: Venezuela. Caroni River, “Venezuela, fl. Caroni,”
hmer s.n. (holotype, B; isotype, C
[exsiccatae], [spirit]).
Jenmaniella varians Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(2-3, Beibl. 138): 7, pl. 8, figs. L-Q. 1927. TYPE: Guyana. Temple Bar Falls, Conawarook River, Sep. 1905, H. Bartlett 8249 (holotype, B; isotype, K).
Jenmaniella guianensis Engl.,
Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(2-3, YPE:
Guy , Potaro River, Oct. 1898, G. Jenman 7416 fidibeee. B; isotypes, BM, K).
Jenmaniella tridactylitifolia Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(2-3, Beibl. 138): 8, pl. 8, figs. R-W. 1927. T : Guyana. Maramba Falls, Mazaruni River, Jan. 1897, G. Jenman 7189 (holotype, B; isotype, K). leas jenmanit (Engl.) P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. . Ryks Univ. Utrecht 107: 121-122, tab. 14, a 4A— 6, 1951, syn. nov. Marathrum jenmanii Engl., B Jahrb. Syst. 61(2-3, Beibl. 138): 5-6. 1927. TYPE.
Guyana. Cobanatuk, Potaro River, Oct Jenman 7418 ae ge B; isotype Marathrum pauciflorum Tul. var. hicterophy Iu um P. Royen, Bot. Mus. Her. R Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 89, 133, tab. 16, fig. 20. 1951, syn. nov. TYPE: Guyana. Cuyuni River, 25 Nov. 1929, N. Y. Sandwith 694 (holotype, K; isotype, BM not seen).
. 1898, G.
Marathrum aeruginosum P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Riyks Univ. Utrecht 107: 84-85, 132, tab. 8, 1-2. 1951. TYPE: Venezuela. Territorio Federal Amazonas: Orinoco River, at Raudal Santa Barbara, betw. Tamatama & San Fernando de Atabapo, 100 m, 7 Sep. 1944, J. A. Steyermark 58428 (holotype, F).
Apinagia penicillata P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. lJ
1951, syn. nov. TYPE: 11 Oct. 1944, B. Maguire 24927 (holotype, NY; isotypes, BR, F, GH, K, P, U not seen, US).
Marathrum tenue Liebm., Forh. Skand. Naturf. Mote 5: 511-512. 1849. TYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: Huitamalco, “pro. Huitamalco,” May
1841, F. Liebmann s.n. (holotype, C). Apinagia boliviana P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks ni
Utrecht 107: 63-64, 130, tab. 7, figs. 1-16.
1951, syn. nov. TYPE: Bolivia. Apolo, 4800 ft., 6 Sep. 1902, R. S. Williams 1570 (holotype, NY; ee. L). Apinagia peruviana (Wedd.) Engl., Nat. Pflanzenfam., ed. 2 [Engl
; , Rio de St. Gavan ad lapid inundati,” July 1854, W. Dechlee 2298 (lectotype, designated here, W [barcode] W 1889- 0264806; isotypes, F, G, GOET ae K, L, P, W).
— kerbert Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(2—3, Beibl.
8): 5. 1927. TYPE: Mexico. La Luz, “La Luz pr. ee ad lapidis in rivulis,” 4 Oct. 1882, FE. Kerber 83 (holotype, B; isotypes, BM, BR, C not seen, G, G not seen, K not seen, M, P, US not seen
Neolacis myriophylla Wedd., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 17: 63-64. 1873. Blandowia myriophylla (Wedd.) Nash, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 5. 1905. TYPE: Costa Rica. “Rio Virillo,” s.d., C. Hoffmann 271 (holotype, B not seen; isotype, C not seen
NEw COMBINATIONS
The following new combinations are warranted. A brief explanation is provided for each.
Jenmaniella divertens (Went ex Pulle) C. T. C. P. Bove, comb. nov. Basionym:
Apinagia divertens Went ex Pulle, Recueil Trav.
Bot. Néerl. 6: 267. 1909, nomen; et in Verh. Kon. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2,
16: 35. 1910, descr. TYPE: Suriname. Tapa-
nahony River, “Guyane hollandaise, Tapanah-
Novon
ony,” 9 Oct. 1904, G. M. Versteeg 908 (holotype, U; isotypes, K, L not seen, P).
Type materials (Veersteeg 908) are fragmentary. Stems are prostrate with pinnately compound leaves; both features occur in species of Jenmaniella and Oserya Tul. & Wedd. s. str. (ef. Tippery et al., 2011). Mature flowers and capsules are lacking. Figures that accompany the protologue (Went, 1910), however, show a short gynophore and the ovary positioned at a prominent angle relative to the axis of the stamen filaments, which are both features of Jenmaniella.
Oserya pilgeri (Mildbr.) C. T. Philbrick & C. P. Bove, comb. nov. Basionym: Apinagia pilgeri Mildbr., Beitr. Kenntn. Podostemon., 41. Brazil. Mato Gr
16 May 1899, R. K. Pilger 834 (holotype, B; isotype, L).
Tippery et al. (2011) reported that Apinagia Tul. is not monophyletic and recognized Apinagia s. str. as a genus composed only of species with upright stems. Prostrate-stemmed species of Apinagia occurred in disparate locations among Neotropical Podostema- that Oserya, as
ceae. Tippery et al. also reported t
recognized by Royen (1954), is not monophyletic. Species in Central America and Mexico previously recognized as Oserya were transferred to a new genus (Noveloa C. T. Philbrick; Tippery et al., 2011). In contrast, species from South America were retained in Oserya s. str.
The type of Apinagia pilgert (Pilger 834) is leaf
fragments, and numerous dehisced capsules. Exam-
comprised of fragments of prostrate stems,
ination of reproductive structures indicates that these specimens represent Oserya s. str., not Apinagia s. str. Material of Pilger 834 shows one capsule valve to be caducous, which is a feature of Oserya s. str., not Apinagia s. str. In addition, the number of non-suture ribs per capsule valve of material of Pilger 834 is six or seven, again indicative of Oserya s. str. In contrast, species of Apinagia s. str. have three non-suture ribs per valve. The limited material available indicates that stamen number per flower in the Pilger 834 material is one or two. Although most species of Oserya s. str. have one stamen per flower, stamen number for the most widespread species in the genus (O. perpusilla (Went) P. Royen) can also be two (Philbrick, unpublished data). The combination of features provides support for A. pilgeri being transferred to Oserya s. str.
Rhyncholacis squamosa (Wedd.) C. T. Philbrick &
P. Bove, comb. nov. Basionym: Marathrum
squamosum Wedd., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 17: 54. 1873. TYPE: Venezuela. Negro River,
San Carlos, “prope San carlos ad Rio Negro, Oct. 1853, R. Spruce 3102 (lectotype, designated here, P [barcode| P167817; isotypes, B, BM, BR, C not seen, G, K, NY, P, S, W not seen).
Brasiliae borealis,”
Marathrum squamosum Wedd. var. phellandrifolium (Engl.) . Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 90. 1951, syn. nov. Oenone phellan- drifolium Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61(2—3, Beibl. 138): 2-3. 1927. TYPE: Brazil. Amazonas: Sao Gabriel da Cachoeira, Caiari River, Matapi waterfall, “Carurd; Matapy-Bach und andere Cachoeiras des Rio Caiary,” 1904, T. Koch-Griinberg 140 (holotype, B). ee squamosum Wedd. var. spruceanum Wedd.,
r. [A. P. de Candolle] 17: 54. 1873. TYPE: Brazil.
3, R. Spruce 2579 (lectotype, designated here, K fa, K 642024; cae BM, BR, CGE not seen, F, GH not seen, K, NY, P, 5, W not seen).
The type materials for Marathrum squamosum var. squamosum (Spruce 3102), squamosum var. phellandrifolium (Koch-Griinberg 140), and M. squa- mosum var. spruceanum (Spruce 2579) all include capsules with two winglike medial ribs that are h the b these
features are distinctive of Rhyncholacis Tul. The
continuous wit ase of the stigmas; types of the two latter varieties are not distinguishable from M. squamosum var. squamosum.
DUBIOUS SPECIES
For each of the species listed below, the type materials were incomplete, i.e., lacking sufficient vegelalive and/or reproductive materials to allow recognition of distinct species. A brief explanation is provided for each.
Apinagia goejei Went ex Pulle, Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 6: 266.
ent des Tapanahony,” July 1907, De Goeje s.n. (holotype, U [spirit]; isotypes, B [spirit], K, P).
Type materials (De Goeje s.n.) comprise small plants with prostrate stems and pinnately lobed leaves; both characters occur in species of Jenma- niella Engl., Oserya s. str., and Marathrum Bonpl.
ature flowers and capsules are lacking; conse- quently, it is not possible to place the specimen in a specific genus. Type materials are plants that are attached to the bark of a woody shrub, which is not a character that is unique to any given taxon. For
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Philbrick et al. 55 Neotropical Riverweeds (Podostemaceae)
example, we have seen species of Apinagia, Castelnavia Tul. & Wedd., Monostylis Tul.,
Rhyncholacis occasionally growing attached to rheo-
and phytic shrubs.
Oenone hulkiana Went, Verh. Kon. Akad. We- tensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2. 17(2): 10. 1912. Apinagia hulkiana (Went) P. Royen, Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: 43- 44. 1951. TYPE: Suriname. Awaladam, Gran Rio, 9 Aug. 1910, J. F. Hulk s.n. (holotype, L not seen; isotypes, B, BM [spirit]).
Type materials (Hulk s.n.) comprise short (2-3 cm) stems with mature simple leaves. A single anthesal flower with a complete whorl of stamens occurs on most stems. Capsules are lacking. Such short stems with one (or few) flowers are common along the margins (shallow water) of populations that otherwise 0O.1-1 m) and numerous flowers (e.g., Apinagia flexuosa (Tul.) P Royen, A. kochii (Engl.) P. Royen, A. longifolia (Tul.) P. Royen, and A. staheliana (Went) P. Royen).
Although distinctions among these species remain to be clarified (Philbrick & Bove, unpublished data), it
is clear that mature capsules are required to
have much longer stems (e.g.,
distinguish species.
eae pusilla Tul., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, . 1849. TYPE: Guyana. s. loc., s.d., R. ee s.n. (holotype, K).
Schomburgk s.n. includes leaves, segments of prostrate stems, and post-anthesal flowers, but lacks mature capsules. Post-anthesal flowers display stig- mas that are flattened, the margins of which are continuous with the winglike medial rib of each valve; these are features of Rhyncholacis. Mature capsules are required for identification of species of Rhyncholacis; consequently, this species is consid-
ered dubious
Lacis membranacea Bong., Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(2): 76, tab. 3. 1835. Apinagia membranacea (Bong.) Tul., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 11: 99. 1849. Neolacis ak ee (Bong.) Wedd., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 1 873. TYPE: Brazil. Sao Paulo: a. River, Tieté tributary, “Brasilia, Guayandaba,” s.d., L. Riedel 391 (holotype, LE not seen; isotypes, B, BM, G, GH, K, L, NY, P, S, U)
Type materials (Riedel 391) comprise prominent prostrate stems and ample mature capsules with five
non-sulure ribs per capsule valve. Leaves are lacking. Stem form and rib number equate to Wettsteiniola Suess. (cf. Royen, 1951; Tur, 1975), not Apinagia s. str. (cf. Tippery et al., 2011). Species of Apinagia s. str. have three non-suture ribs per
Royen (1951: 30) noted that A.
membranacea and A. guairaensis Fiebrig (not con-
capsule valve.
sidered here) may belong in Wettsteiniola, but lacked sufficient material on which to base a decision. The absence of complete tepals, however, does not allow confident placement of Riedel 391 into any current species of Wettsteiniola (W. accorsiti (Toledo) P. Royen, W. apipensis Tur, W. pinnata Suess.) nor does it support recognition of a distinct species. Consequently, this species is considered dubious.
Marathrum pauciflorum Tul., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 11: 94. 1849. TYPE: Guyana. s. loc., s.d., R. Schomburgk 556 (holotype, P; isotypes, CGE not seen, F, G, GH, K, L).
Duplicates of Schomburgk 556 include prostrate stems and flowers. Although capsules are immature, they show features of Rhyncholacis (flattened stigmas that are continuous with winglike medial ribs). Because mature capsules are lacking, however, it is not possible to place these collections into a specific species of Rhyncholacis. Consequently, the species is considered dubious.
OTHER NOMENCLATURAL ISSUES
The following represents clarification of the location of holotype materials for two species.
CERATOIACIS ERYTHROLICHEN (TUL. & WEDD.) WEDD.
Royen (1954) reported the holotype of Ceratolacis erythrolichen to be in P, although Philbrick et al. (2004) stated that it could not be located. The holotype in P (Weddell s.n. [barcode] POO723694) has since been located and is composed of 10 rocks with attached plants, as well as detached fragments. The holotype is vegetative, lacking flowers and fruits. See
Philbrick et al. (2004) for more discussion.
CASTELNAVIA MONANDRA TUL. & WEDD.
Royen (1954) reported the type of Castelnavia monandra. to be in P. Philbrick et al. (2009) indicated that the type was not located in P, although a fragmentary specimen was located in C. Philbrick et al. (2009) selected a neotype. The holotype in P (Weddell s.n. |barcode| PO2441297) has subsequently
been located. The specimen includes stems, leaves,
Novon
flowers (in bud and at anthesis), and mature capsules.
See Philbrick et al. (2009) for additional discussion.
Acknowledgments. We are grateful to the curators of the herbaria listed in the Materials and Methods for providing the opportunity to examine type materials. Dr. Giinter Gerlach is thanked for providing guidance in interpretation of German literature. Drs. Nicholas Tippery and Rolf Rutishauser provided valuable comments on an early version of the manuscript; their assistance is appreciated. This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant DEB-0444589 and Connecticut State University—American Associ- ation of University Professors (AAUP) research grants to C. T. P. and by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvi- mento Cientifico e Technolégico (CNPq) grants PROTAX 562251/2010-3, REFLORA 963534/ 2010-9 and Productivity Grant (307870/2014-6) to
Literature Cited
Philbrick, C. T., A. Novelo R. & B. E. Irgang. 2004. A new
species of Ceratolacis (Podostemaceae) from the state of
inas Gerais, Brazil. Novon 14: 108-113. doi: 10.1600/ 036364404772974022.
Philbrick, . Bove & T. C. Edson. 2009. Monograph of ‘Cuselidiia (Podostemaceae). Syst. Bot. 34: 715-729. doi: 10. 1600/036364409790139781.
Philbrick, C. T., C. P. Bove & H Stevens. 2010. Endemism in ees Podostemaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 97: 425-456. doi: 10.3417/2008087.
es ie hes 1951. The Podostemaceae of the New World, Pt. I. Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 107: ft
Royen, P. van. 1954. The Podostemaceae of the New World. Il. Acta Bot. Neerl. 3: 215-263.
Thiers, B. [continuously updated]. Index Herbariorum: A
public herbaria and associated staff.
| Herbarium. a ps aonee nybg.org/science/ih/>, accessed 7 Ju- ly 20 Tigges. x P., C. T. Philbrick, C. P. Bove & D. H. Les 2011. Sysleniauies: and phylogeny of eas river- weeds (Podostemoideae: Podostemaceae). Syst. Bot. 36: 105-118. doi: 10.1600/036364411X553180.
Tur, N. 1975. Nueva especie de Podostemaceae para Argentina: Wettsteiniola apipensis. Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 16: 320-324
Went, F. A. F. C. 1910. Untersuchungen tiber Podoste- maceen, I. Nee Kon. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2, 16:
The First Fossil Flowers of Bignoniaceae (Lamiales): Catalpa hispaniolae
sp. nov. in Dominican Republic Amber
George O. Poinar, Jr. Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, U.S.A.
poinarg@science.oregonstate.edu
ABSTRACT. from the Dominican Republic are described as
Two fossil flowers in mid-Tertiary amber
Catalpa hispaniolae Poinar sp. nov. (Bignoniaceae). Their placement in the genus Catalpa Scop. is based on the following characters: flowers hypogenous, gamopetalous, zygomorphic, bisexual with a sessile ovary and single filiform style; calyx composed of two cup-shaped sepals; corolla bilabiate with five united petals; and two fertile stamens with oblong anthers consisting of divergent locules dehiscing via longitu- dinal slits. These flowers can be distinguished from extant members of the genus by the smaller calyx and corolla and lack of staminodia. These specimens represent the first definite fossil flowers of the Bignoniaceae.
Amber, Caribbean, Catalpa, Dominican Republic, paleobotany.
Key words: Bignoniaceae,
Flowers in amber from the Dominican Republic reveal Neotropical plant groups that existed in Hispaniola during the mid-Tertiary. Among these fossils are representatives of the families Fabaceae, Arecaceae, Poaceae, ages: Lauraceae, Meliaceae, Burseraceae, Myristaceae, Rhamnaceae, and Ticodendraceae (Chambers & Poinar, 2014). The present study reports the first fossil flowers of the family Bignoniaceae.
The Bignoniaceae, which occur as trees, shrubs, and lianas, comprise some 827 species in 82 genera arranged in at least eight tribes or clades (Lohmann & Ulloa, 2006). Aside from a few species in Africa and Asia, the greatest diversity occurs in South America, centered in Brazil (Gentry, 1980). Using sequences from the chloroplast genes rbcL and ndhF, after excluding Paulownia Siebold & Zucc. and Schlegelia Migq., the family was considered to be monophyletic and included eight major clades, some of whic correspond to previously circumscribed tribes (Span- gler & Olmstead, 1999; Olmstead et al., 2009).
e genus Catalpa Scop. was included within the clade Catalpeae DC. ex Meisn., along with Chilopsis D. Don, 1823 (Gentry, 1992; Li, 2008). Catalpa is characterized by the presence of only two stamens in contrast to four stamens that are present in most other
doi: 10.3417/2015043
Bignoniaceae as well as in Chilopsis (Gentry, 1992). In the New World, Catalpa consists of four species in the Greater Antilles (section Macrocatalpa) and two in eastern North America (section Catalpa) (Gentry, 1992; Li, 2008; Olmstead et al., 2009). The fossil species from the Dominican Republic described here indicate that Catalpa already occurred in the Caribbean in the mid-Tertiary
METHODS
The fossil flowers occurred in amber pieces that northern mountain range (Cordillera Septentrional) of the Puerto Plata and Santiago. Amber from mines in this region was
originated from La Bucara mine in the Dominican Republic between
produced by Hymenaea protera Poinar, 1991 (Faba- ceae), and based on the recovered biota, the original habitat was characterized as a tropical moist forest (Poinar & Poinar, 1999).
Dating of Dominican amber is_ controversial, ranging from 20 to 15 million years ago (Ma) based on Foraminifera (Iturralde-Vinent & MacPhee, 1996) and 45 to 30
Schlee, 1990). These are minimum ages since most of
Ma based on coccoliths (Cépek in
the amber was secondarily deposited in turbiditic sandstones of the Upper Eocene to Lower Miocene Mamey Group (Draper et al., 1994), and the length of time it took to redeposit the amber is unknown. Observations and ge of the fossil flowers h a Nikon SM microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, fa and Nikon Opti-
were made wil -10 R_ stereoscopic
800X. Helicon Focus Pro X64 (HeliconSoft, kov, Ukraine) was used to stack photos for better clarity and depth of field
Morphological features of the fossil flowers were compared with blooms of Catalpa bignonioides Walter in Corvallis, Oregon, during the months of May and June 2015
TAXONOMY
The two fossil flowers described below are in separate pieces of Dominican amber from La Bicara
Novon 25: 57-63. PUBLISHED ON 8 DECEMBER 2016.
Novon
Figure 1.
mine. Both fossils share similar morphological features and are considered to represent the same species. Specimen A (holotype) includes a corolla tube with attached anthers.
(paratype) is complete,
While specimen B the corolla is partially Both
desiccated and the anthers are not visible.
specimens show evidence of insect damage.
Order.
Lamiales.
Family. Bignoniaceae.
Tribe. Catalpeae DC. ex Meisn.
Genus. Catalpa Scop., 1777.
Species. Catalpa hispaniolae Poinar, sp. nov. Figures 1-5.
Holotype (SD-9-54A) and paratype (SD-9-
04B). Both specimens are from La Bicara amber mine in the northern mountain range (Cordillera Septentrional) of the Dominican Republic (DD latitude and longitude: 71'23” by 19'34”). Speci- ens are presently deposited in the Poinar amber collection (PAC) maintained at Oregon State Univer- sity, Corvallis, Oregon. Final depository will be the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.
2.6 mm 2’
Front view of specimen A (holotype) of Catalpa hispaniolae Poinar in Dominican amber.
Type locality. La Bacara amber mine in Altimira facies of the El Mamey Formation in the Cordillera (DD
Septentrional of the Dominican Republic
71'23” by 19'34”).
Etymo geographical location of the fossil.
logy. The specific name indicates the
Diagnosis. Many floral features of Catalpa hispaniolae,
Catala hispaniolae can be separated from the four known Neotropical species, which are restricted to the Greater and Lesser Antilles (Gentry, 1992), by the combination of the following ee rs: soar oe ioe and width), smaller eth Table 1). Both me ee species a speciosa " (Warder) Engelm C. bignonioides Walter) have larger flowers and ee staminodia.
lean (s
Description. Flowers perfect, medium-sized; ca- lyx composed of 2 broadly ovate, faintly apiculate, lepidote lobes 3.2-3.5 mm in length and 2.3-2.5 mm in greatest width; corolla sympetalous, membranous, tube widest in middle, 2-labiate, with upper lip 2- lobed and lower lip 3-lobed; length of corolla, 9.5-13 mm; width of corolla tube, 9-12 mm: fertile stamens 2, inserted near base of corolla tube; filaments flattened, anthers oblong, each with 2 divergent
Volume 25, Number 1 016
Poinar 59 Cataloa hispaniolae (Bignoniaceae) in Dominican Republic
Figure 2. Front the two stamens (arrows show filament
locules dehiscing via longitudinal slits; length of thecae, 1.6 mm; staminodia absent; ovary sessile;
style single, filiform; pollen circular to subcircular.
Comments. Placement in the genus Catalpa is based on the 2-parted calyx, presence of only two fertile stamens with flat filaments and anthers with two divergent locules dehiscing by longitudinal slits. The presence of only two fertile stamens is also found in the species Tanaecium caudiculatum (Standl.) L. G. Lohmann (tribe Bignonieae) (Lohmann & Taylor, 2014), a species formerly placed in the monotypic genus Pseudocatalpa A. H. Gentry (Lohmann, 2004). This species occurs in wet forest vegetation in Mexico
view of specimen A (holotype) of Catalpa hispaniolae Poinar in Dominican amber with back lighting, outlining ts).
(Oaxaca, Veracruz), Belize, and Guatemala (Lohmann & Taylor, 2014) and is characterized by a widely open o-parted calyx and triangular staminodia (Gentry, 1973). Several seeds closely resembling those of extant
Catalpa spp. were recovered from amber collected from
the same mine (La Bacara) as the flowers. These seeds are oblong and flat and have tufts of long hairs protruding from each end (Fig. 6A). They closely resemble those of the extant North American species C. bignonioides (Fig. 6B). While the fossil seeds in Dominican amber provide further evidence of Catalpa spp. in the Dominican amber forest, it is not possible to definitely equate them with C. hispaniolae.
Novon
Figure 3.
DISCUSSION
Fossil bi-winged seeds of Catalpa from Tertiary deposits in Oregon (U.S.A.), France, Germany, and Japan suggest that the genus had a much more extensive distribution in the past (Paclt, 1952; Manchester, 1999; Olmstead, 2013).
In his synopsis of the
Paclt (1952)
considered Catalpa as one of the oldest lineages of
genus,
the family Bignoniaceae based on his analysis of fossil seeds, fruits, and flowers of Catalpa from the French Eocene. However, the fossil flowers treated as
Front view of specimen B (paratype) of Catalpa hispaniolae Poinar in Dominican amber. Arrows show calyx lobes.
C. tenuiloba (Saporta) Paclt (Gentry, 1992) cannot be placed with certainty in the Bignoniaceae. Additional fossil leaves described as C. crassifolia Newberry, 1868 were later shown to belong to Paranymphaea crassifolia (Newberry) Berry, 1924 in the Nymphaea- ceae (Paclt, 1952). Accepted Catalpa fossils are Tertiary leaves, fruits, and seeds (Wehr & Hopkins, 1994; Meyer & Manchester, 1997; Pigg & Wehr, 2002; Wang et al., 2013). No fossil flowers of Catalpa
or the Bignoniaceae have been reported to date.
Poinar 61
Volume 25, Number 1
2016
Cataloa hispaniolae (Bignoniaceae) in
Dominican Republic
Dominican
f
(. AN
p
Figure 4. Detail of base of specimen
Figure 5. Anthers of specimen A (holotype) of Catalpa hispaniolae Poinar in Dominican amber. Inset shows anther of the
extant C. bignonioides Walter for comparison. L, locules; F, filaments.
Novon
62 a 1. Measurements of floral structures of the four ant species of Caribbean Catalpa Scop. sect. Macrocatalpa os Gentry (1992), along with those of the fossil, C. hispaniolae ar. All measurements are in millimeters. N = not present. Calyx Calyx Corolla Thecae Species length width length length Staminodia C. brevis 4-7 a-7 15 2 N C. longissima 4-7 A-5 14-15 1.5 3 C. macrocarpa 4-7 3-6 10-20 1.5 3 C. purpu 6-10 6-7 25-30 1.6 ? C. hispaniolae 3.2-3.5 24 9.5-13 1.6 N
When the Catalpa lineage appeared in the Greater Antilles it was difficult to determine, as is the position of C. hispaniolae within Catalpa. The only molecular phylogeny of Catalpa available to date (Li,
08) indicates the West Indian species of Catalpa (section Macrocatalpa) are derived from the conti-
nental species.
Acknowledgments. The author thanks Roberta Poinar for comments on earlier drafts of this work
and Lucia G. Lohmann and an anonymous reviewer for their helpful critique of the present manuscript.
Literature Cited
Chambers, G. O. Poinar, Jr. 2014. Ticodendron eae sp. nov. (Ticodendraceae), a mid-Tertiary fossil n Dominican amber. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 8
563-568.
Draper, G., P. Mann & J. F. Lewis. 1994. Hispaniola. Pp. 129-150 in S. Donovan & T. A. Jackson (editors), Caribbean Geology: An Introduction. The University of the West Indies Publishers’ Association, Kingston
Gentry, A. 1973. Generic delimitations of Central American Bignoniaceae. Brittonia 25: 226-242
Gentry, A. H. 1980. _ Bignoniaceae, Part I. Tribes Cresent:
Neotrop. Monogr. 25: 1-130.
1992. Bignoniaceae. Part II. Tribe Tecomeae. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 25: 131-370.
Iturralde-Vinent, M. A. & R. D. E. MacPhee. 1996. Age and Paleogeographic origin of Dominican amber. Science 273: 1850-1852.
Li, a 2008. Phylogeny of Catalpa (Bignoniaceae) inferred
d nuclear
V. Heald (editors), Flowering Plants of the Neotropics. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
—A. Seed with terminal hair tufts in Dominican amber (PAC accession #D-9-107). —B. Seed of the extant Catalpa
bignonioides Walter.
Volume 25, Number 1 2016
Poinar Cataloa hispaniolae (Bignoniaceae) in Dominican Republic
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A New Species of Casimiroa (Rutaceae) from Nicaragua and Costa Rica
Amy Pool Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A. amy.pool@mobot.org
Indiana M. Coronado
Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de Nicaragua—Leon, Herbario (HULE), Leon, Nicaragua.
indiana.6coronado@gmail.com
ABSTRACT. & Coronado, is described from Nicaragua and Costa
A new species, Casimiroa dura A. Pool
Rica. The new species is most similar to C. sapota Oerst., but ns in its fruit’s epicarp, which is hard, thick, eau brit
Key words: pe cochitzapotl, Costa Rica, iztactzapotl, matasano, matasano del pacifico, Nicara- gua, tapaculo, white sapote, zapote blanco, zapote somnifero.
Casimiroa La Llave is a genus in the Rutaceae of about nine species and is known from Texas to Costa Rica, with its center of diversity in Mexico. The species are unarmed, functionally dioecious (Chiang, 2001) or androdioecious, trees or shrubs, with alternate and palmately compound leaves with (one)three to five (seven) leaflets, inflorescence panicles with actinomor- phic flowers, the flowers with the sepals four or five, connate to various degrees to